UTILITY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN FOR INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT DISORDERS

我们一直在研究局部治疗的疗效 肉毒杆菌毒素注射治疗不同类型肉毒杆菌病 局灶性肌张力障碍。小剂量肉毒杆菌毒素直接注射到 肌肉，与神经肌肉连接结合并使其失活。 肌张力障碍收缩减少，功能改善治疗 耐受性好，副作用最小。我们也一直在使用 肉毒杆菌毒素对局灶性肌张力障碍的生理学研究。我们 已经继续治疗作家抽筋的患者。这些 患者是生理学方案的积极参与者，包括 经颅磁刺激、正电子发射计算机断层扫描、显微神经学和 体感诱发电位研究。我们已经证明了 作家抽筋注射后立即进行的运动 病人会导致更大的体力损失。我们继续研究 F型肉毒毒素治疗失败者的远期疗效 由于抗体引起的对A型的反应，以及从不 尽管有足够的剂量，但对A型病毒有反应。两名患者 以前对肉毒杆菌的影响产生了抵抗力 毒素F。这些反应正在进行检测，以确定 肉毒毒素F抗体。

We have been studying the efficacy of local injections of botulinum toxin for the treatment of different types of focal dystonias. Botulinum toxin injected in small doses directly into muscle, binds to and inactivates the neuromuscular junction. Dystonic contraction is decreased and function improves Treatment is well-tolerated with minimal side effects. We have also been using botulinum toxin to study the physiology of focal dystonias. We have continued the treatment of patients with writer's cramp. These patients are active participants in physiology protocols including transcranial magnetic stimulation, PET, microneurography and somatosensory evoked potentials studies. We have demonstrated that immediate exercise following injection in writer's cramp patients leads to greater loss of strength. We continued to study the long-term effects of botulinum toxin type F for patients who lose response to type A due to antibodies and for patients who never responded to type A despite adequate doses. Two patients who previously responded became resistant to the effects of botulinum toxin F. These responses are being investigated with testing for botulinum toxin F antibodies.