PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT

随意运动的生理分析

• 批准号: 3860821
• 负责人: M HALLETT
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3860821
• 关键词: autism; balance; brain disorder diagnosis; cerebellar disorders; cerebellum; conditioning; electroencephalography; evoked potentials; eye movements; hand; human subject; learning; limb movement; magnetic resonance imaging; motor cortex; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; parietal lobe /cortex; positron emission tomography; posture; vibration

Studies of voluntary movement focused on the role of the cerebellum. One issue was the contribution of the cerebellum to coordination. The results seem to indicate that the cerebellum is critical for the coordination of multijoint movement. The role of the cerebellum is more important as the speed of movement increases. A second issue is the role of the cerebellum in motor learning. In tasks of motor skill learning, it has been demonstrated that patients with cerebellar disturbances can learn, but the learning is limited when the speed of the movement is greater. We have also studied the contribution of the cerebellum to conditioning. Patients with cerebellar deficits have a marked disorder of acquisition of conditioned eyeblink. A therapeutic trial of 5-HTP for cerebellar ataxia was stopped when a probable case of eosinophilia myalgia syndrome occurred. Using 0-15 labelled water as a marker for cerebral blood flow in positron emission tomography ( PET) studies, we have been working on methods for improved anatomic correlation of regions of metabolic change by superimposing the PET image onto an MRI image. Regions of the brain activated with voluntary movement, vibration of the hand and eve movement have been identified and quantified. A special study was devoted to the role of parietal cortex in the control of reaching. Studies include analysis of the role of the cerebellum in motor learning and the supplementary motor area in self-paced movement. Studies of movement-related cortical potentials have focused on identifying dipoles for the generation of the different components and the development of techniques for measuring event related desynchonization of the EEG. Studies have been completed in patients with dystonia that show reduction in amplitude of some components. Studies in the Biomechanics Laboratory of the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine have focused on the control of balance and gait. A study has been completed of gait in patients with autism that shows no systematic abnormality. A similar project in patients with cerebellar disorders is in progress. Other studies are being done of balance in patients with cerebellar deficits.

对随意运动的研究集中在小脑的作用上。 一 问题是小脑对协调的贡献。 的 结果似乎表明，小脑是至关重要的 多关节运动的协调。 小脑的作用更多 随着运动速度的增加，这一点很重要。 第二个问题是 小脑在运动学习中的作用 在运动技能学习任务中， 已经证明小脑紊乱的患者可以 学习，但是当运动的速度被限制时，学习是有限的。 更大 我们还研究了小脑对 条件反射 小脑缺陷的患者有一个明显的障碍， 获得条件性眨眼的能力 5-羟色胺TP治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床研究 小脑共济失调停止时，可能的情况下，嗜酸性粒细胞增多症 出现肌痛综合征。 用~（15）标记水作正电子脑血流标记 发射断层扫描（PET）研究，我们一直在研究方法， 改善代谢变化区域的解剖学相关性， 将所述PET图像叠加到MRI图像上。 的大脑区域 由随意运动、手的振动和前夕运动激活 已经被识别和量化。 一项特别研究专门讨论了 顶叶皮层在控制伸手动作中的作用。 研究包括 分析小脑在运动学习中的作用， 辅助运动区在自主步速运动。 运动相关皮层电位的研究主要集中在 识别用于产生不同分量的偶极子，以及 测量事件相关技术的发展 脑电图的不同步 已在患者中完成研究 肌张力障碍表现为某些成分的振幅降低。 生物力学实验室的研究 康复医学的重点是平衡和步态的控制。 一项关于自闭症患者步态的研究已经完成， 系统性异常 一个类似的项目在小脑患者 疾病正在进展中。 其他研究正在进行中， 小脑缺陷患者。