SYMPATHOADRENAL AND CATECHOLAMINE FUNCTION IN HEALTH

儿茶酚胺系统，在大脑和大脑之间的界面上运作， 大脑调节体内平衡的三种方式--通过 神经递质（去甲肾上腺素，NE），激素（肾上腺素，EPI），和 自分泌/旁分泌因子（多巴胺，DA）。我们进行了调查， 临床神经心脏病学，儿茶酚胺神经化学领域， 新的儿茶酚胺能系统。6-[18F]氟多巴（[18F]-6 F-DA） 正电子发射断层扫描（PET）导致了新的 原发性慢性自主神经功能衰竭的病理生理学分类。 纯自主神经功能衰竭（PAF）或帕金森综合征和自主神经功能障碍患者 心力衰竭患者行心脏交感神经切除术， Shy-Drager综合征的节后交感神经节减少或缺失， 神经流出到完整的神经末梢。13 N-氨和[18F]-6 F-DA PET 扫描检测灌注或交感神经异常， 交感神经营养不良（RSD）患者的患肢。患者 易患神经心源性晕厥的患者心脏NE溢出减少， 肥厚型心肌病（HCM）患者的交感神经功能完整， 肥大心肌的神经支配。临床神经化学研究 与基因型异常相关的特定儿茶酚胺能表型 在Menkes病、家族性自主神经功能障碍（FD）和L-芳香族氨基酸 脱羧酶（LAAAD）缺乏。用左旋多巴作为多巴胺能药物治疗 前体药物产生的有益利钠反应， 充血性心力衰竭发现血浆DA-硫酸盐水平取决于 饮食因素和内源性DA在胃肠道的生产 道。

Catecholamine systems, operating at the interface between the mind and the body, exemplify three ways the brain regulates homeostasis -- via neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, NE), hormones (epinephrine, EPI), and autocrine/paracrine factors (dopamine, DA). We conducted investigations in the areas of clinical neurocardiology, catecholamine neurochemistry, and novel catecholaminergic systems. 6-[18F]fluorodopamine ([18F]-6F-DA) positron-emission tomographic (PET) scanning led to a new pathophysiological classification of primary chronic autonomic failure. Patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF) or parkinsonism and autonomic failure had cardiac sympathetic denervation, whereas patients with the Shy-Drager syndrome had decreased or absent post-ganglionic sympathetic neural outflows to intact nerve terminals. 13N-ammonia and [18F]-6F-DA PET scanning detected perfusion or sympathoneural abnormalities in the affected limbs of patients with sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). Patients prone to neurocardiogenic syncope had decreased cardiac NE spillover, and patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) had intact sympathetic innervation of the hypertrophic myocardium. Clinical neurochemical studies linked specific catecholaminergic phenotypes with genotypic abnormalities in Menkes' disease, familial dysautonomia (FD), and L-aromatic-amino-acid decarboxylase (LAAAD) deficiency. Treatment with L-DOPA as a dopaminergic pro-drug produced beneficial natriuretic responses in patients with congestive heart failure. Plasma DA-sulfate levels were found to depend on dietary factors and on production of endogenous DA in the gastrointestinal tract.