Trace Elements and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risks Factors Among Young Adults

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越多的证据表明，一些微量元素可能与亚临床动脉粥样硬化和其他心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素相关，包括炎症、高血压和代谢综合征的血液标志物。然而，生命早期微量元素与CVD危险因素演变的纵向关联在很大程度上是未知的。该项目的总体目标是在年轻人冠状动脉风险发展（CARDIA）研究中检查趾甲中几种微量元素的浓度与年轻人CVD风险因素和亚临床动脉粥样硬化的发展之间的关系，该研究是一项正在进行的多中心纵向研究，涉及非洲裔美国人和白人年轻男性和女性。共有4362名参与者，1985-86年基线时年龄为18-30岁，在第2年检查时提供趾甲样本，将被纳入分析。将使用中子活化分析（NAA）和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）对微量元素进行定量。我们将检查与亚临床动脉粥样硬化（颈动脉内膜中层厚度[CIMT]，冠状动脉钙[CAC]），炎症标志物（高敏C反应蛋白[hs-CRP]，白细胞介素6 [IL-6]），血压和代谢综合征的纵向测量标记物相关的微量元素。这项研究的结果可以推进我们对微量元素在人类CVD风险发展中的作用的认识。该项目的信息还可以帮助研究人员在未来的研究中确定CVD风险因素是否可以通过饮食，补充剂，生活方式或环境干预来改变，从年轻时开始改变微量元素模式。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Growing evidence suggests that some trace elements may be associated with sub-clinical atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including blood markers of inflammation, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. However, the longitudinal associations of trace elements in early life with the evolution of CVD risk factors are largely unknown. The overall objective of this project is to examine concentrations of several trace elements in toenails in relation to the development of CVD risk factors and sub-clinical atherosclerosis among young adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, which is an ongoing multi-center longitudinal study involving African American and Caucasian young men and women. A total of 4362 participants, aged 18-30 at baseline in 1985-86, who provided toenail samples at exam year 2, will be included in the analyses. Trace elements will be quantified by using both neutron activation analysis (NAA) and inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). We will examine the trace elements of interest in relation to longitudinally measured markers of sub-clinical atherosclerosis (carotid intimal-medial thickness, [CIMT], coronary artery calcium, [CAC]), inflammatory markers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, [hs-CRP], interleukin 6, [IL-6]), blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. The findings from this study can advance our knowledge of the roles in humans of trace elements in the development of CVD risk. The information from this project can also help researchers, in future studies identify whether CVD risk factors can be changed by dietary, supplemental, lifestyle or environmental intervention in terms of modifying trace element patterns starting at a young age.