Streptococcus mutans and Dental Caries in Native American Children

变形链球菌和美国原住民儿童的龋齿

• 批准号: 7382549
• 负责人: DAVID Ray DRAKE
• 金额: $ 63.69万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-12 至 2012-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7382549
• 关键词: 4 year old; 5 year old; Acids; Affect; African American; Age; Age-Months; Alaska Native; American; American Indians; Area; Asthma; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Assay; Caring; Chairperson; Child; Childhood; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Communities; Complex; DNA Fingerprinting; Data; Dental; Dental Hygiene; Dental Hygienists; Dental caries; Dentists; Development; Diet; Diet Records; Disease; Eating; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Fluorides; Gel; Genetic Techniques; Glucans; Glucosyltransferase; Glucosyltransferases; Goals; Growth; Health; Health education; Height; Hour; Incidence; Infant; Infection; Intervention; Learning; Measurement; Microbial Biofilms; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; Mothers; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Native Americans; Newborn Infant; Numbers; Nutritional; Pain; Physiological; Population; Population Group; Poverty; Preschool Child; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Process; Property; Purpose; Questionnaires; Race; Rate; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Severities; Siblings; Sioux Indians; Source; South Dakota; Staging; Standards of Weights and Measures; Streptococcus mutans; Structure; Surveys; Time; Toddler; Training; United States; Varnish; Vertical Disease Transmission; Virulence; Virulent; Water; Water fluoridation; Weight; Work; age group; antimicrobial; base; burden of illness; cariogenic bacteria; early childhood; preference; prevent; programs; transmission process; tribal community

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dental caries is the single most prevalent chronic disease of childhood. Early childhood caries (ECC), a particularly severe form of caries, affects infants, toddlers and preschool children younger than 6 years. Among the general U.S. population, the prevalence of ECC is 25% among children 2-5 years (NHANES III). More recently, NHANES data from 1999-2002 found that the prevalence of caries in young children had increased from the 1988-94 time period, from 24% to 28% in 2- to 5-year-old children (Beltran-Aguilar, et al, 2005). As in the previous surveys, the 1999-2002 NHANES data revealed demonstrated profound disparities in Dental caries prevalence and severity based on race/ethnicity and poverty status. Among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children, however, the disease burden is much higher, with 79% of 2-5 year old AI/AN children having ECC (IHS, 2001). The reason for this disparity is not understood, partially because a comprehensive study on the etiology of ECC in this high-risk population has not been undertaken. Until the etiology of the disease is fully understood, there is little hope of developing effective preventive strategies. The overall goal of this study is to identify risk factors for ECC among AI/AN infants and toddlers and to determine if Streptococcus mutans (SM) alone, or in combination with environmental and behavioral factors, increases risk of caries in Native American children. The Specific Aims are: 1) To determine the temporality and fidelity of transmission of Streptococcus mutans in Native American children, 2) To characterize expression of virulence determinants of specific clones of Streptococcus mutans, 3) To determine the composition of total cultivable flora, total Streptococcus mutans and total acid flora in plaque samples of Native American subjects over time, 4) To determine the incidence of ECC in Native American children through age 36 months, and 5) To identify dietary and nutritional risk factors for acquisition of virulent SM clones and ECC in Native American infants and toddlers. Working closely with the Health Board of the Aberdeen Area Tribal Chairman, we will work with the Oglala Sioux tribal community at Pine Ridge, South Dakota from which we will recruit 200 Native mother/child dyads within 1 month of delivery. Information on potential risk factors and caries status will be collected every 4 months until the child is 36 months. As part of our effort to train AI/AN researchers, we will hire a local program coordinator and Dental hygienists. We believe that this assessment of vertical transmission of specific SM clones using DNA fingerprinting approaches will provide valuable information on the acquisition of these cariogenic bacteria in these Native American children.

描述（由申请人提供）：龋齿是儿童最常见的慢性疾病。幼儿龋齿是一种特别严重的龋齿，影响婴儿、幼儿和6岁以下的学龄前儿童。在美国普通人群中，2-5岁儿童中ECC的患病率为25% （NHANES III）。最近，1999-2002年的NHANES数据发现，1988- 1994年期间幼儿龋齿患病率有所上升，2至5岁儿童的龋齿患病率从24%上升至28% （Beltran-Aguilar等，2005年）。与之前的调查一样，1999-2002年的NHANES数据显示，基于种族/民族和贫困状况，龋齿患病率和严重程度存在巨大差异。然而，在美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN）儿童中，疾病负担要高得多，2-5岁的AI/AN儿童中有79%患有ECC （IHS， 2001年）。造成这种差异的原因尚不清楚，部分原因是尚未对这一高危人群的ECC病因进行全面研究。在完全了解该病的病因之前，制定有效的预防策略的希望不大。本研究的总体目标是确定AI/AN婴儿和幼儿发生ECC的危险因素，并确定变形链球菌（SM）是否单独或与环境和行为因素相结合，会增加美洲原住民儿童的龋齿风险。具体目标是：1)确定变形链球菌在美洲土著儿童中传播的时间性和保真度，2)表征变形链球菌特定克隆的毒力决定因素的表达，3)确定美洲土著研究对象斑块样本中总可培养菌群、总变形链球菌和总酸菌群随时间的组成，4)确定36个月以下美洲土著儿童ECC的发病率。5)确定美洲原住民婴幼儿获得SM毒力克隆和ECC的饮食和营养危险因素。我们将与阿伯丁地区部落主席的健康委员会密切合作，与南达科他州松岭的奥格拉拉苏族部落社区合作，我们将在分娩后一个月内从那里招募200名土著母亲/儿童。每4个月收集一次有关潜在危险因素和龋齿状况的信息，直至儿童36个月。作为我们培训人工智能/人工智能研究人员工作的一部分，我们将雇用一名当地项目协调员和牙科保健师。我们相信，利用DNA指纹技术对特定SM克隆的垂直传播进行评估，将为这些美洲原住民儿童中这些致龋细菌的获取提供有价值的信息。