Streptococcus mutans and Dental Caries in Native American Children

变形链球菌和美国原住民儿童的龋齿

• 批准号: 7782780
• 负责人: DAVID Ray DRAKE
• 金额: $ 66.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-12 至 2012-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7782780
• 关键词: 4 year old; 5 year old; Acids; Affect; African American; Age; Age-Months; American; American Indian and Alaska Native; Area; Asthma; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Assay; Caring; Chairperson; Child; Childhood; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Communities; Complex; DNA Fingerprinting; Data; Dental; Dental Hygiene; Dental Hygienists; Dental caries; Dentists; Development; Diet; Diet Records; Disease; Eating; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Fluorides; Gel; Genetic Techniques; Glucans; Glucosyltransferase; Glucosyltransferases; Goals; Growth; Health; Health education; Height; Hour; Incidence; Infant; Infection; Intervention; Learning; Measurement; Microbial Biofilms; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; Mothers; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Native Americans; Newborn Infant; Nutritional; Pain; Physiological; Population; Population Group; Poverty; Preschool Child; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Process; Property; Questionnaires; Race; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Severities; Siblings; Sioux Indians; Source; South Dakota; Staging; Streptococcus mutans; Structure; Surveys; Time; Toddler; Training; United States; Varnish; Vertical Disease Transmission; Virulence; Virulent; Water; Water fluoridation; Weight; Work; age group; antimicrobial; base; burden of illness; cariogenic bacteria; early childhood; high risk; preference; prevent; programs; transmission process; tribal community

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dental caries is the single most prevalent chronic disease of childhood. Early childhood caries (ECC), a particularly severe form of caries, affects infants, toddlers and preschool children younger than 6 years. Among the general U.S. population, the prevalence of ECC is 25% among children 2-5 years (NHANES III). More recently, NHANES data from 1999-2002 found that the prevalence of caries in young children had increased from the 1988-94 time period, from 24% to 28% in 2- to 5-year-old children (Beltran-Aguilar, et al, 2005). As in the previous surveys, the 1999-2002 NHANES data revealed demonstrated profound disparities in Dental caries prevalence and severity based on race/ethnicity and poverty status. Among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children, however, the disease burden is much higher, with 79% of 2-5 year old AI/AN children having ECC (IHS, 2001). The reason for this disparity is not understood, partially because a comprehensive study on the etiology of ECC in this high-risk population has not been undertaken. Until the etiology of the disease is fully understood, there is little hope of developing effective preventive strategies. The overall goal of this study is to identify risk factors for ECC among AI/AN infants and toddlers and to determine if Streptococcus mutans (SM) alone, or in combination with environmental and behavioral factors, increases risk of caries in Native American children. The Specific Aims are: 1) To determine the temporality and fidelity of transmission of Streptococcus mutans in Native American children, 2) To characterize expression of virulence determinants of specific clones of Streptococcus mutans, 3) To determine the composition of total cultivable flora, total Streptococcus mutans and total acid flora in plaque samples of Native American subjects over time, 4) To determine the incidence of ECC in Native American children through age 36 months, and 5) To identify dietary and nutritional risk factors for acquisition of virulent SM clones and ECC in Native American infants and toddlers. Working closely with the Health Board of the Aberdeen Area Tribal Chairman, we will work with the Oglala Sioux tribal community at Pine Ridge, South Dakota from which we will recruit 200 Native mother/child dyads within 1 month of delivery. Information on potential risk factors and caries status will be collected every 4 months until the child is 36 months. As part of our effort to train AI/AN researchers, we will hire a local program coordinator and Dental hygienists. We believe that this assessment of vertical transmission of specific SM clones using DNA fingerprinting approaches will provide valuable information on the acquisition of these cariogenic bacteria in these Native American children.

描述（由申请人提供）：龋齿是儿童期最常见的慢性疾病。儿童早期龋齿 (ECC) 是一种特别严重的龋齿形式，影响 6 岁以下的婴儿、幼儿和学龄前儿童。在美国普通人群中，2-5 岁儿童中 ECC 的患病率为 25% (NHANES III)。最近，NHANES 1999-2002 年的数据发现，幼儿龋齿患病率较 1988-94 年期间有所上升，2 至 5 岁儿童的龋齿患病率从 24% 上升至 28%（Beltran-Aguilar 等人，2005 年）。与之前的调查一样，1999-2002 年 NHANES 数据显示，不同种族/民族和贫困状况的龋齿患病率和严重程度存在巨大差异。然而，在美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民 (AI/AN) 儿童中，疾病负担要高得多，79% 的 2-5 岁 AI/AN 儿童患有 ECC（IHS，2001）。造成这种差异的原因尚不清楚，部分原因是尚未对这一高危人群中 ECC 的病因学进行全面研究。在完全了解该疾病的病因之前，制定有效的预防策略的希望渺茫。本研究的总体目标是确定 AI/AN 婴儿和幼儿中 ECC 的危险因素，并确定变形链球菌 (SM) 单独使用或与环境和行为因素结合是否会增加美洲原住民儿童的龋齿风险。具体目标是： 1) 确定变形链球菌在美洲原住民儿童中传播的时间性和保真度，2) 表征变形链球菌特定克隆的毒力决定簇的表达，3) 确定美洲原住民受试者斑块样本中总可培养菌群、总变形链球菌和总酸性菌群随时间变化的组成，4) 确定美洲原住民儿童中 ECC 的发病率通过年龄 36 个月，以及 5) 确定美洲原住民婴儿和幼儿获得有毒 SM 克隆和 ECC 的饮食和营养风险因素。我们将与阿伯丁地区部落主席健康委员会密切合作，并与南达科他州派恩里奇的奥格拉拉苏族部落社区合作，我们将从那里招募 200 名出生后 1 个月内的原住民母婴二人组。有关潜在风险因素和龋齿状况的信息将每 4 个月收集一次，直到孩子满 36 个月为止。作为培训 AI/AN 研究人员的一部分，我们将聘请当地项目协调员和牙科保健员。我们相信，使用 DNA 指纹识别方法对特定 SM 克隆的垂直传播进行评估将为这些美洲原住民儿童获得这些致龋细菌提供有价值的信息。