TAILORING BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT TO REARING AND RESEARCH

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 美国农业部关于改善非人类灵长类动物环境的政策草案已经制定，以提供更具体的指导方针，说明哪些措施足以解决圈养灵长类动物的心理需求，但需要研究来指导其实施。该项目正在为杜兰国家灵长类研究中心群体的灵长类福祉和管理提供直接好处。由于恒河猴在生物医学中的广泛应用，以及需要加强对猴子的管理，因此正在对猕猴进行研究，这一背景将在本项目中探索。重点放在社会群体和人与人之间的互动作为财富。利用行为学、生理学和临床数据，我们1)比较了连续完全接触、连续保护接触和间歇性完全接触对配对恒河猴的影响，2)比较了几种数量和形式的人/灵长类互动对独居猕猴行为幸福感的影响。受试者来自以下人群：那些在社会环境中由母亲抚养的人，那些在没有其他社会伙伴的情况下由母亲抚养的人，以及由托儿所抚养的人，其中一些人在婴儿时期有同伴接触，另一些人没有同伴接触。初步分析发现，1)连续的和间歇性的全接触对壳体具有相似的行为益处，其中大多数在受保护的接触中没有观察到；2)非结构化相互作用和20分钟/周的混合效应。观察到了积极强化培训的可能性，但仅限于涉及母亲养育的养育类别。例如，观察到与焦虑相关的行为和一些异常行为类别的减少，但也观察到附属行为的减少和不活跃的增加。在各种不正常的养育背景或较少训练量的受试者中，没有检测到行为变化。该项目旨在为与管理非人类灵长类动物行为管理的不断变化的监管环境有关的决策提供科学基础。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The USDA Draft Policy on Environmental Enhancement for Nonhuman Primates has been developed to provide more specific guidelines as to what measures sufficiently address the psychological needs of captive primates, but research is needed to guide its implementation. This project is providing direct benefit to the primate well-being and management of the Tulane National Primate Research Center colony. Rhesus macaques are being studied due to their widespread use in biomedicine and the need for enhanced management of monkeys with the backgrounds to be explored in this project. Focus is placed on social grouping and human interaction as enrichment. Using behavioral, physiological, and clinical data, we are 1) comparing the effects of continuous full contact, continuous protected contact, and intermittent full contact for pair-housing rhesus macaques, and 2) comparing the effects of several quantities and forms of human/primate interaction on the behavioral well-being of singly-housed individuals of both sexes. Subjects are drawn from the following populations: those mother-reared in a social setting, those mother-reared without other social partners, and nursery-reared individuals, some with and some without peer contact in infancy. Preliminary analyses have found that 1) both continous and intermittent full contact pair housing confer similar behavioral benefits, most of which were not observed in protected contact, and 2) mixed effects of unstructured interaction and 20 min./wk. of positive reinforcement training were observed, but only among the rearing categories involving mother-rearing. For example, reductions in anxiety-related behaviors and some abnormal behavior categories were observed, but reduced affiliative behavior and increased inactivity was observed as well. No behavioral changes were detected among subjects with a variety of abnormal rearing backgrounds, nor with smaller amounts of training. This project aims to provide the scientific underpinning for decisions relating to the changing regulatory climate governing the behavioral management of non-human primates.