Neuroendocrine Control of Paternal Care in the Common Marmoset

描述（由申请人提供）：选择使用探索性/发展机制，以允许开发方法来检查双亲雄性启动父亲照顾行为的激素途径。常见的狨猴，Callithrix jacchus，是研究雄性亲代抚育激素激活的理想模型，因为它们从出生的第一天起就积极参与婴儿的抚育。父亲对婴儿的暗示反应强烈，但在男性之间表现出差异，就像人类父亲一样。与有经验的雄性相比，没有父母经验的雄性对婴儿暗示的反应要少得多，这表明经验和激素对父亲的行为有影响。特异性目标1将测试有父亲经验的成年雄性狨猴对婴儿的反应性，或通过雌二醇或睾酮或载体的类固醇治疗来控制刺激。我们将在中枢和外周样本中检测类固醇刺激下催乳素、催产素、抗利尿激素和多巴胺的变化。特异性目标2将通过培养完整和分离的垂体在类固醇刺激前后的交流来研究垂体前叶和垂体后叶之间的交流。垂体激素水平的变化将与特异性靶1中发现的体内变化进行比较。特异性靶标3将测试父性幼年雄鼠通过类固醇治疗的婴儿反应（如特异性靶标1），以及特异性靶标2中的垂体反应。没有经验的男性的行为和激素反应将与有经验的男性进行比较，垂体对类固醇治疗的反应将与有经验的男性进行比较。狨猴是为数不多的社会组织/家庭结构与人类相似的哺乳动物之一。不良的养育导致了许多社会心理障碍，如忽视和虐待，这些都影响了人类健康。了解双亲本物种中父系照顾的机制将为开发创造积极养育的治疗奠定基础。公共卫生相关性：本项目旨在了解男性优质父亲护理的潜在因素。由于父母养育不当或父母缺席，出现了一些影响人类健康的社会心理疾病。父亲可以对婴儿和儿童发展的积极结果做出重大贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The use of the exploratory/development mechanism was chosen to allow for the development of methods to examine the hormonal pathway for priming paternal care behaviors in biparental males. The common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus, is the ideal model for studying hormonal activation of male parental care due to their active participation in infant care from the first day of birth. Fathers are highly responsive to infant cues, but show between male variability as do human fathers. Parentally naive males are much less responsive to infant cues than experienced males, suggesting there is an experience and hormonal influence on paternal behavior. Specific Aim 1 will test paternally experienced adult male marmosets for their infant responsiveness to an infant or control stimulus by steroid treatment with either estradiol or testosterone or vehicle. We will examine changes in prolactin, oxytocin, vasopressin and dopamine with steroid stimulation in both central and peripheral samples. Specific Aim 2 will examine the communication between the anterior and posterior pituitary through culturing both intact and separated pituitaries before and after steroid challenges. Changes in levels of pituitary hormones will be compared to in vivo changes found in Specific Aim 1. Specific Aim 3 will test paternally naive males for their infant responsiveness by steroid treatment, as in Specific Aim 1 and for their pituitary responses as in Specific Aim 2. Inexperienced male's behavioral and hormonal responses will be compared to experienced males and pituitary responses to steroid treatment will be compared with the experienced males. Marmosets are one of the few mammalian species whose social organization/family structure bears resemblance to that of humans. Poor parenting results in a number of pyschosocial disorders, such as neglect and abuse, which confound human health. Understanding the mechanisms of paternal care in a bi-parental species will lay the foundation for development of treatments to create positive parenting. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project seeks to understand the factors underlying quality paternal care in males. With poor parenting or parental absence, there are a number of psychosocial disorders that confound human health. Fathers can contribute significantly to the positive outcome of infant and child development.