Promoting Cancer-related Behavior Change through Positive Emotions (PQ4)

通过积极情绪促进癌症相关行为改变（PQ4）

• 批准号: 8372671
• 负责人: BARBARA LEE FREDRICKSON
• 金额: $ 56.16万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-08 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8372671
• 关键词: Adherence; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; American Cancer Society; Attention; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Cardiac; Carrots - dietary; Chronic Disease; Conscious; Data; Diet; Eating; Ego; Emotional; Endocrine; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Incidence; Individual; Individual Differences; Inflammation; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Life Style; Link; Long-Term Effects; Love; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Meditation; Mental Depression; Modeling; Nutritional; Outcome; Oxytocin; Pain; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Physical activity; Physiological; Placebo Control; Positioning Attribute; Preventive; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Research; Resolution; Resources; Rest; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Science; Seeds; Self-control as a personality trait; Stream; Stress; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Translating; Translational Research; Work; arm; base; behavior change; biopsychosocial; blind; cancer risk; clinical practice; evidence base; experience; flexibility; follow-up; improved; indexing; innovation; mindfulness; mindfulness meditation; novel; positive emotional state; prevent; programs; psychologic; research study; resilience; response; skills; theories; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The American Cancer Society estimates that 62% of all cancers could be prevented altogether through lifestyle change. Despite good intentions, people's attempts to alter their behaviors known to increase cancer risk - related to diet, physica activity, tobacco and alcohol use - often fail, which ultimately increases their risks for various cancers. In response to NCI's Provocative Question 4, the overarching goal of the proposed research is to investigate the role of positive emotions in facilitating successful lifestyle chang, defined as long-term adherence to cancer- preventive behaviors (e.g., nutritious eating, physical activity, tobacco, and alcohol use). An innovative upward spiral model of lifestyle change integrates multiple streams of research in basic behavioral and brain sciences to position positive emotions as key active ingredients that not only seed non-conscious motivational pulls toward newly-adopted cancer-preventive behaviors, but also reshape key biopsychosocial resources in ways that increase the subsequent positive emotion yield of multiple cancer-preventive behaviors, creating a self- sustaining dynamic system. A longitudinal, dual-blind, placebo-controlled field experiment tests this new model by targeting three Specific Aims. These aims are: (1) to identify biopsychosocial resources that moderate the link between cancer-preventive behaviors and their positive emotion yield; (2) to test whether and how positive emotions, experienced in daily life, produce a psychological propensity for wellness through the combined presence of (a) increases in non-conscious motives for cancer-preventive behaviors and (b) increases in biopsychosocial resources; and (3) to test whether positive emotions and a psychological propensity for wellness predict increasing and sustained cancer-preventive behaviors and improved health-related outcomes at 18-month follow-up. The proposed study tests the novel upward spiral model in daily life with densely repeated measures and physiological, behavioral, endocrine, and self- report indices of health-related outcomes. This program of translational research stands to reshape public health interventions and unlock hidden opportunities to drastically reduce the incidence of cancer. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Unhealthy lifestyles contribute to many cancers and other costly chronic diseases. Lifestyle change is thus vital to reduce cancer incidence, yet most attempts at lifestyle change fail. Understanding how positive emotions create non-conscious motives for long-term adherence to cancer-preventive behaviors is needed to unlock evidence-based health interventions to promote health and save money and lives.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国癌症协会估计，62%的癌症可以通过改变生活方式来预防。尽管出发点是好的，但人们试图改变他们已知会增加癌症风险的行为——与饮食、体育活动、吸烟和饮酒有关——往往会失败，这最终会增加他们患各种癌症的风险。为了回应NCI的挑衅性问题4，拟议研究的首要目标是调查积极情绪在促进成功的生活方式改变中的作用，定义为长期坚持癌症预防行为（例如，营养饮食，体育活动，吸烟和饮酒）。一个创新的生活方式改变的上升螺旋模型整合了基础行为和脑科学的多个研究流，将积极情绪定位为关键的活性成分，它不仅为新采用的癌症预防行为提供了无意识的动机，而且还重塑了关键的生物心理社会资源，以增加多种癌症预防行为的后续积极情绪产出，创造了一个自我维持的动态系统。一项纵向、双盲、安慰剂对照的现场实验通过针对三个特定目标来测试这种新模型。这些目标是：(1)确定调节癌症预防行为与其积极情绪产生之间联系的生物心理社会资源；(2)通过(a)预防癌症的无意识动机的增加和(b)生物心理社会资源的增加，测试在日常生活中体验到的积极情绪是否以及如何产生健康的心理倾向；(3)在18个月的随访中，检验积极情绪和健康心理倾向是否预测增加和持续的癌症预防行为和改善的健康相关结果。本研究在日常生活中使用密集重复的测量和与健康相关的生理、行为、内分泌和自我报告指标来检验新的上升螺旋模型。这个转化研究项目旨在重塑公共卫生干预措施，并释放潜在的机会，以大幅降低癌症的发病率。