Ameliorating Social Isolation in Populations Facing Health Disparities: Identifying Social Structural and Person-level Factors that Impede or Facilitate Health-related Social Behavior Change

改善面临健康差异的人群的社会孤立：识别阻碍或促进与健康相关的社会行为改变的社会结构和个人因素

• 批准号: 10650644
• 负责人: BARBARA LEE FREDRICKSON
• 金额: $ 65.97万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-09 至 2027-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10650644
• 关键词: African American; Age; Alcohol consumption; Anxiety; Basic Science; Behavioral; Black race; COVID-19; Caring; Cellular Phone; Communication; Data; Data Analyses; Discrimination; Economics; Emotional; Emotions; Ethnic Origin; Face; Feeling; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hispanic; Home; Human; Imagery; Inequality; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Life; Link; Loneliness; Measures; Mediator; Mental Health; Modeling; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Placebo Control; Population; Populations at Risk; Process; Protocols documentation; Race; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Reaction Time; Recommendation; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Safety; Sampling; Science; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Psychology; Social Values; Social isolation; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Models; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; Text; Time; Visual; Work; age group; behavior change; burden of illness; cohort; depressive symptoms; design; digital delivery; disparity reduction; evidence base; experimental study; health communication; health disparity; health disparity populations; improved; indexing; innovation; intrinsic motivation; knowledge base; multidisciplinary; novel; peer; physical conditioning; positive emotional state; programs; social; social media; social structure; socioeconomics; stem; theories; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Social isolation and its subjective counterpart loneliness—well established as risk factors for poor physical and mental health—have been rising at alarming rates in the US, especially among young adults. Mechanistic understanding of how best to build social connectedness to ameliorate social isolation is sorely needed to redirect life trajectories toward health and well-being. In creating this foundational knowledge, populations who face higher disease burden—Black/African American young adults, Latino/Hispanic young adults, and those with less socioeconomic privilege—merit special focus because persons in these at-risk populations often face unique challenges in initiating social interactions, including discrimination and economic inequality. The broad, overarching objective of this work is to conduct basic experimental research on social connectedness to test whether, how, where, and for whom health communication messages can motivate in-person interactions to reduce young adults’ social isolation and loneliness. Our multi-disciplinary team brings together expertise in social psychology, emotion science, communication science, and health disparities and will carry out a 6-week randomized controlled trial—the Keep Social RCT—using our innovative and ecologically valid simulated social media platform and a suite of rigorous repeated measures of social behavior, loneliness, and other health- relevant outcomes. This program of research is designed to meet three specific aims. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to optimize health messages about the value of social connectedness for young adults (ages 18-29) from populations who face higher disease burden and then conduct the Keep Social RCT to build a rich empirical platform. This aim will be met using a human-centered process to design health communication messages that include peer imagery and stories for an online experiment with 500 at-risk young adults. Messages that receive highest ratings for encouraging in-person interactions in this online experiment will be selected for the Keep Social RCT, which is placebo controlled with behavioral, survey, and implicit assessments repeated over six weeks. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to analyze theory-driven mechanisms through which health communication messages in the Keep Social RCT may reduce young adults’ social isolation and loneliness to identify intervention targets. This aim will be met with longitudinal statistical modeling to test whether and how the experimental health communication messages improve social connectedness. SPECIFIC AIM 3 is to extend data analyses of the Keep Social RCT to identify social structural and person-level moderators of reduced social isolation and loneliness to identify where and for whom effects are largest. This aim will be met with advanced statistical modeling to illuminate the conditions under which our health communication messages most effectively ameliorate social isolation and loneliness in young adults who face higher burden of disease. Taken together, this research will provide a framework to identify intervention targets to guide subsequent translational work undertaken to reduce disparities in health that have been growing larger across the US.

项目摘要/摘要 社会孤立及其主观对应的孤独-被公认为身体和精神状况不佳的危险因素。 在美国，特别是在年轻人中，精神健康问题一直在以惊人的速度上升。机械论 了解如何最好地建立社会联系，以改善社会孤立是迫切需要的， 将生活轨迹转向健康和幸福。在创造这一基础知识的过程中， 面临更高的疾病负担-黑人/非洲裔美国年轻人，拉丁裔/西班牙裔年轻人，以及那些 社会经济风险较低的人需要特别关注，因为这些高危人群中的人往往面临 在启动社会互动方面的独特挑战，包括歧视和经济不平等。广阔的， 这项工作的总体目标是进行社会联系的基础实验研究，以测试 健康传播信息是否、如何、在哪里以及为谁可以激励面对面的互动， 减少年轻人的社会孤立和孤独。我们的多学科团队汇集了专业知识， 社会心理学、情感科学、传播科学和健康差异，并将进行为期6周的 随机对照试验-保持社会RCT-使用我们的创新和生态有效的模拟社会 媒体平台和一套严格的社会行为，孤独和其他健康的重复测量- 相关成果。这项研究计划旨在满足三个具体目标。具体目标1是 优化有关年轻人（18-29岁）社会联系价值的健康信息， 面临更高疾病负担的人群，然后进行保持社会RCT，以建立一个丰富的经验 平台这一目标将通过以人为本的过程来实现， 包括同龄人图像和故事，用于对500名处于危险中的年轻人进行在线实验。收到的消息 在这个在线实验中，鼓励面对面互动的最高评分将被选为Keep 社会随机对照试验，采用安慰剂对照，重复进行行为、调查和内隐评估， 周具体目标2是分析理论驱动的机制，通过健康传播 保持社交RCT中的信息可以减少年轻人的社交孤立和孤独， 干预目标。这一目标将通过纵向统计建模来实现，以测试是否以及如何实现这一目标。 实验性的健康传播信息改善了社会联系。具体目标3是扩大 保持社会RCT的数据分析，以确定减少的社会结构和个人水平的调节因素 社会孤立和孤独，以确定在哪里和对谁的影响最大。这一目标将得到实现 先进的统计模型，以阐明我们的健康传播信息的条件， 最有效地改善面临更高疾病负担的年轻人的社会孤立和孤独。 综上所述，本研究将提供一个框架，以确定干预目标，以指导随后的 为减少美国各地日益扩大的健康差距而开展的转化工作。