Urban American Indian Youth Substance Use: Ecodevelopmental Influences

项目总结（见说明）： 大多数生活在城市地区的美国印第安人（Al）家庭经历了与药物滥用相关的不成比例的健康差距。这些健康差距影响Al青年通过更高的利率，更早的启动，更严重的后果，物质使用。快速增长的城市Al家庭人口很少有基于证据的预防方法，这些方法是基于文化的，反映了塑造城市Al社区的特定社会环境力量。家庭破裂和药物滥用，与搬到城市环境有关的压力，以及在建立和维持社会和文化联系方面的困难，经常被认为是导致城市Al青年健康状况不良的原因。使用生态发展理论，本研究将解决知识的差距，如何在同行，家庭/父母，学校和社区层面的背景影响，影响物质的使用在亚利桑那州的城市铝青年。该研究将使用一个综合模型记录这些不同层面因素的相对影响，测试积极和消极的家庭影响如何与其他层面的影响相互作用，并研究它们如何在按性别，年级和遗产定义的城市Al青年亚组中以不同的方式运作，这些亚组是仅Al或混合Al和非AI遗产。该研究使用了2010年全州范围内的青年物质使用调查，其中大量城市Al青年（N= 3，450）生活在规模和迁移历史各不相同的城市社区中。拟议的研究借鉴了项目团队的研究，在NIMHD卓越中心进行，对Al家庭行为健康的社会决定因素，突出的风险和弹性因素，文化上适当的策略，抵御风险行为，和系统的方法，文化适应预防计划。该研究旨在通过与政府和社区卫生组织的伙伴关系，将科学与实践和政策联系起来，为解释和传播研究结果提供机制;为 翻译研究该研究将通过确定城市Al青年和家庭在城市环境中面临的问题，创造关于如何全面确定目标和提供预防干预措施的基本知识。

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions): The majority of American Indian (Al) families living in urban areas experience disproportional health disparities associated with substance abuse. These health disparities affect Al youth through higher rates, earlier initiation, and more severe consequences of substance use. The rapidly growing population of urban Al families is served by few evidence-based prevention approaches that are culturally grounded and reflective of specific socio-environmental forces shaping urban Al communities. Family disruption and substance abuse, stresses related to moving to urban settings, and difficulties in establishing and sustaining social and cultural connections frequently are mentioned as contributing to adverse health outcomes for urban Al youth. Using ecodevelopmental theory, this research will address gaps in knowledge of how contextual influences operating at peer, family/parental, school, and neighborhood levels influence substance use among urban Al youth in Arizona. The study will document the relative influence of factors at these different levels using a comprehensive model, test how positive and negative family influences interact with those at other levels, and examine how they may operate differently in subgroups of urban Al youth defined by gender, grade level, and heritage that is Al-only or mixed Al and non-AI heritage. The research uses a 2010 state-wide survey of youth substance use with large numbers of urban Al youth (N=3,450) living in a range of urban communities that vary in size and migration histories. The proposed study draws upon the project team's research, conducted at an NIMHD Center of Excellence, on the social determinants of Al family behavioral health, salient risk and resiliency factors, culturally appropriate strategies for resisting risk behaviors, and systematic methods for culturally adapting prevention programs. The study is designed to bridge science to practice and policy via partnerships with governmental and community-based health organizations to provide mechanisms for interpreting and disseminating findings; providing a foundation for translational research. The study will create essential knowledge about how to target and deliver prevention interventions comprehensively by identifying issues that urban Al youth and families face in urban contexts.