Neural Phenotypes of Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder

患有自闭症谱系障碍的女性的神经表型

• 批准号: 8749078
• 负责人: Christine Wu Nordahl
• 金额: $ 69.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-10 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8749078
• 关键词: 3 year old; Adolescence; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Amygdaloid structure; Attenuated; Autistic Disorder; Autoantibodies; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Comorbidity; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diffusion; Disease; Dorsal; Enrollment; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Etiology; Evaluation; Female; Fusiform gyrus; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Load; Goals; Growth; Heterogeneity; High Prevalence; Image; Individual; Institutes; Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Investigation; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Medial; Megalencephaly; Mission; Modeling; Neurons; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Participant; Phenotype; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Domain Criteria; Rest; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Bias; Sex Characteristics; Sex Ratio; Strategic Planning; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Subgroup; System; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Ventral Striatum; Weight; Women' s Health; Work; aged; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavior test; boys; cohort; girls; leukemia; male; meetings; neuropathology; phenome; programs; protective effect; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; sex; sexual dimorphism; social communication; social communication impairment; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 88 children in the United States, but the disorder is much more common in boys than in girls. The prevalence of ASD in boys is 5 times higher than in girls, with a rate of 1 in 54 for boys and 1 in 252 for girls. Although this disparate sex ratio is among the most highly replicated findings in studies of ASD, sex differences in ASD remain poorly understood. The neuropathology of ASD in females is understudied because ASD samples recruited for research studies typically reflect the strong male bias of the disorder. The goal of this study is to evaluate a large, sex-balanced cohort of preschool-aged children with ASD in order to elucidate the neural phenotypes of females with ASD and to identify sex-differences in the neuropathology of ASD. Children will be enrolled at the time of diagnosis (2-3 years of age) and followed longitudinally for two years. Imaging will be carried out at study enrolment and then at two additional annual time points and behavioral testing will be conducted twice, in conjunction with the first and third MRI time points Imaging will include structural, diffusion-weighted and resting state functional connectivity in order to accomplish the following aims: 1) to evaluate sex differences in the neural systems that underlie core deficits in ASD 2) to investigate sex differences in brain growth trajectories in these neural systems and 3) to identify associations between distinct neural phenotypic subgroups and etiologic factors or behavioral outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of the female phenotype of ASD is a pressing and timely topic, as indicated by national efforts to direct research towards this topic. This program of research responds to the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC) strategic plan to evaluate females with ASD as well as the mission of the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health to strengthen and enhance research related to diseases, disorders and conditions that affect females.

描述（由申请人提供）：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）影响美国88名儿童中的1个，但男孩中这种疾病比在女孩中更为常见。男孩中ASD的患病率是女孩的5倍，男孩中有1分之一，1个。 252个女孩。尽管这种不同的性别比是ASD研究中最高复制的发现之一，但ASD的性别差异仍然很少了解。雌性中ASD的神经病理学被研究了研究，因为招募用于研究的ASD样本通常反映了该疾病的强烈偏见。这项研究的目的是评估具有ASD的学龄前儿童的大型性平衡队列，以阐明ASD的女性神经表型，并识别ASD神经病理学中的性别差异。儿童将在诊断时（2-3岁）入学，并纵向持续两年。成像将在研究入学率进行，然后在两个额外的年度时间点和行为测试将进行两次，并结合第一和​​第三MRI时间点成像，包括结构性，扩散和静止状态功能连接性，以便完成以下目标：1）在调查中的性行为差异，以使其在脑中的性行为差异：1）在脑部差异中的性别差异2）神经系统和3）确定不同神经表型亚组与病因学因素或行为结果之间的关联。对ASD的女性表型的全面理解是一个紧迫而及时的话题，这是由国家直接研究该主题的国家努力所表明的。该研究计划对机构间自闭症协调委员会（IACC）战略计划做出了回应，以评估女性使用ASD以及NIH妇女健康研究办公室的使命，以加强与影响女性的疾病，疾病和状况有关的研究和增强研究。