Neural Phenotypes of Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder

患有自闭症谱系障碍的女性的神经表型

• 批准号: 9248812
• 负责人: Christine Wu Nordahl
• 金额: $ 66.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-10 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9248812
• 关键词: 3 year old; 5 year old; Adolescence; Affect; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Attenuated; Autistic Disorder; Autoantibodies; Behavior assessment; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Comorbidity; Copy Number Polymorphism; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diffusion; Disease; Dorsal; Enrollment; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Evaluation; Female; Fibrinogen; Fusiform gyrus; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Load; Goals; Growth; Heterogeneity; High Prevalence; Image; Individual; Institutes; Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Investigation; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Medial; Megalencephaly; Mission; Modeling; Neurons; Nursery Schools; Participant; Phenotype; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Rest; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Bias; Sex Characteristics; Sex Ratio; Strategic Planning; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Subgroup; System; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Ventral Striatum; Women' s Health; Work; aged; autism spectrum disorder; behavior test; behavioral outcome; boys; brain abnormalities; cohort; communication behavior; diffusion weighted; girls; health difference; leukemia; male; neuropathology; phenome; programs; protective effect; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; repetitive behavior; research study; sex; sexual dimorphism; social communication; social communication impairment; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 88 children in the United States, but the disorder is much more common in boys than in girls. The prevalence of ASD in boys is 5 times higher than in girls, with a rate of 1 in 54 for boys and 1 in 252 for girls. Although this disparate sex ratio is among the most highly replicated findings in studies of ASD, sex differences in ASD remain poorly understood. The neuropathology of ASD in females is understudied because ASD samples recruited for research studies typically reflect the strong male bias of the disorder. The goal of this study is to evaluate a large, sex-balanced cohort of preschool-aged children with ASD in order to elucidate the neural phenotypes of females with ASD and to identify sex-differences in the neuropathology of ASD. Children will be enrolled at the time of diagnosis (2-3 years of age) and followed longitudinally for two years. Imaging will be carried out at study enrolment and then at two additional annual time points and behavioral testing will be conducted twice, in conjunction with the first and third MRI time points Imaging will include structural, diffusion-weighted and resting state functional connectivity in order to accomplish the following aims: 1) to evaluate sex differences in the neural systems that underlie core deficits in ASD 2) to investigate sex differences in brain growth trajectories in these neural systems and 3) to identify associations between distinct neural phenotypic subgroups and etiologic factors or behavioral outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of the female phenotype of ASD is a pressing and timely topic, as indicated by national efforts to direct research towards this topic. This program of research responds to the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC) strategic plan to evaluate females with ASD as well as the mission of the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health to strengthen and enhance research related to diseases, disorders and conditions that affect females.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，每88名儿童中就有1名患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD），但这种疾病在男孩中比女孩更常见。男孩的自闭症患病率是女孩的5倍，男孩的患病率是1 / 54，男孩的患病率是1 / 54