ERIN CRC: Host-microbiota-pathogen interactions govern enteric health and disease

描述(由申请人提供)：密歇根州立大学肠道研究调查网络，合作研究中心(MSU Erin CRC)是一个多学科研究中心，旨在研究肠道微生物群在健康和疾病中的作用，主要目的是阐明其与最重要的全球健康问题之一-腹泻疾病的关系。密歇根州立大学Erin CRC是一个由来自多个学科的科学家组成的协同小组，包括微生物生态学、微生物学、免疫学、流行病学和工程学，以及传染病、外科和儿科医生的合作。我们的长期目标是确定微生物群在增强肠道疾病易感性或提供抵抗力方面的作用。我们将侧重于腹泻疾病的中介因素之间的关系：肠道细菌病原体、肠道微生物群，以及控制敏感性、耐药性或自身免疫的宿主反应。我们的总体假设是：(1)肠道微生物群保护宿主免受管状、上皮性和侵袭性病原体的侵袭，(2)微生物群的多样性控制着扰动后的弹性，(3)群落代谢组在病原体入侵期间对损伤起作用，(4)驻留的微生物群通过表现出分子模仿的细菌基序来增强自身免疫反应。我们将使用(1)生物反应器和在区域1和2中人类微生物群定居的小鼠，以及(2)来自区域3中实验室确认的腹泻病例的流行病学研究的样本来解决这些假说。在区域1，微生物生态和发病机制中，我们的总体目标是确定(1)肠道微生物群落的多样性减少是否允许具有不同生活方式(腔、上皮相关和侵袭性)的肠道病原体在生物反应器和人性化小鼠的人类粪便微生物群落中建立，以及(2)是否竞争排斥的一般生态学原则支配了这一过程。在区域2宿主反应中，我们的总体目标是确定具有人源化微生物群的小鼠模型(S)是否会出现继发于A类空肠弯曲菌感染的自发自身免疫后遗症；这些模型将被用于剖析自身免疫的机制，并作为GBS/MFS患者的治疗和预防替代品。在第三个领域，临床研究，我们的总体目标是确定增加宿主对肠道疾病易感性的肠道微生物群的变化是否与(1)对肠道病原体的活动产生负面影响的社区成员的丧失或抑制，或(2)与宿主相互作用以促进对肠道病原体的耐药性的社区成员的丧失或抑制有关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Michigan State University Enterics Research Investigational Network, Cooperative Research Center (MSU ERIN CRC) is a multidisciplinary Research Center proposal to study the enteric microbiome in health and disease with the overarching objective to elucidate its relationship to one of the most important global health problems, diarrheal illness. MSU ERIN CRC is a synergistic group of scientists from multiple disciplines, including microbial ecology, microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, and engineering, with cooperation from physicians working in infectious diseases, surgery, and pediatrics. Our long term goal is to determine the role of the microbiome in enhancing susceptibility or providing resistance to enteric diseases. We will focus on relationships between factors mediating diarrheal disease: enteric bacterial pathogens, the enteric microbiome, and host responses controlling susceptibility, resistance, or autoimmunity. Our overarching hypotheses are: (1) the enteric microbiome protects the host from luminal, epithelial and invasive pathogens, (2) diversity of the microbiome controls resiliency after perturbations, (3) the community metabolome contributes to lesions during pathogen invasion, and (4) resident microbiota intensify autoimmune responses by bacterial motifs exhibiting molecular mimicry. We will address these hypotheses using (1) bioreactors and mice colonized with human microbiota in Areas 1 and 2, and (2) samples from an epidemiological study of laboratory-confirmed cases of diarrhea in Area 3. In Area 1, Microbial Ecology and Pathogenesis, our overall objectives are to determine if (1) reduced diversity of the intestinal microbial community allows enteric pathogens with different lifestyles (luminal, epithelium-associated, and invasive) to become established in human fecal microbial communities in bioreactors and humanized mice, and (2) if the general ecological principle of competitive exclusion governs this process. In Area 2, Host Response, our overall objectives are to determine if murine model(s) with a "humanized" microbiome will develop spontaneous autoimmune sequelae secondary to C. jejuni infection with class A LOS; these models will then be used to dissect mechanisms of autoimmunity and to serve as treatment and prevention surrogates for GBS/MFS patients. In Area 3, Clinical Research, our overall objectives are to determine if shifts in the intestinal microbiome that increase host susceptibility to enteric disease are associated with (1) loss or inhibition of community members that negatively impact activities of an enteric pathogen, or (2) loss or inhibition of community members that interact with the host to promote resistance to enteric pathogens.