Project 4: Atmospheric Sources of PCB Congeners

项目 4：PCB 同系物的大气来源

• 批准号: 8919613
• 负责人: Keri C Hornbuckle
• 金额: $ 21.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-12 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8919613
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Air; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Chemicals; Chicago; Cities; Communities; Computer Simulation; Databases; Development; Dyes; Effectiveness; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Exposure to; Fiber; Goals; Home environment; Household; Human; Indiana; Individual; Indoor environment; Iowa; Kinetics; Knowledge; Laboratories; Manufacturer Name; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Michigan; Modeling; Monitor; Octanols; Paint; Pigments; Poison; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Population; Production; Property; Risk; Rural; Rural Community; Sampling; Schools; Shipping; Ships; Source; Surface; Testing; Toxic effect; Tribes; Uncertainty; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Washington; Water; air sampling; analytical tool; building materials; chemical property; computational chemistry; consumer product; disease registry; exposed human population; field study; improved; landfill; manufacturing process; remediation; research study; sound; water quality

PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of Project 4 is to better understand the relationship between the observed concentrations in air and sources of airborne PCBs and their breakdown products in ambient and indoor environments. Project 4 provides a path for significant and measureable reduction of human risk through exposure to PCBs and their breakdown products, through significant and measureable improvements in the ability to detect, predict, and attribute these compounds and to assess airborne exposure risks. We further propose to identify the ability of contemporary PCB mitigation methods to reduce population-scale airborne exposure to PCBs. The central hypothesis for Project 4 is that emissions of airborne PCBs and their breakdown products are a function of measureable and quantifiable characteristics of the compounds and environmental matrices on which PCBs reside. A corollary hypothesis is that the effectiveness of remediation efforts is dependent on the successful identification and quantitative characterization of emission sources. The aims of Project 4 are organized around field studies, state-of-the-art analytical tools and environmental modeling in urban and rural ambient outdoor and indoor environments to quantify sources, emissions, chemical transport, exposure, and fate. The aims of Project 4 are the following: Aim 1: Determine sources of airborne Aroclor and non-Aroclor congeners in urban air. Measurements of airborne PCBs and OH-PCBs; development of chemical transport models; and assessment geographic databases will be used to achieve this aim. Aim 2: Characterize the release of airborne PCBs in the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal. Measurements of PCBs and OH-PCBs in sediment, water and air; laboratory experiments that reproduce environmental conditions; and chemical mass balance modeling will be conducted. Aim 3: Identification of sources of PCB congeners in indoor air. This aim includes determination of PCB congeners in building materials and manufacturing processes that produce PCBs found in homes. Aim 4: Determination of physical-chemical properties of PCB breakdown products. Laboratory experiments and computational models will be utilized to determine equilibrium and kinetic constants of these compounds.

项目概要 项目4的总体目标是更好地理解空气中观测到的浓度之间的关系 空气中多氯联苯及其在周围和室内环境中的分解产物的来源。项目4 提供了一条通过接触多氯联苯及其物质而显着且可测量地降低人类风险的途径 通过显着且可衡量的改进检测、预测和 归因这些化合物并评估空气传播的暴露风险。我们进一步建议确定以下人员的能力： 现代 PCB 缓解方法可减少人口规模的空气中 PCB 暴露。中央 项目 4 的假设是，空气中多氯联苯及其分解产物的排放量是以下函数的函数： PCB 所依赖的化合物和环境基质的可测量和可量化的特性 居住。一个推论假设是，补救措施的有效性取决于补救措施的成功与否。 排放源的识别和定量表征。项目 4 的目标是 围绕城市和农村环境的实地研究、最先进的分析工具和环境建模 室外和室内环境，以量化来源、排放、化学品运输、暴露和归宿。这 项目4的目标如下： 目标 1：确定城市空气中空气中 Aroclor 和非 Aroclor 同系物的来源。测量值 空气中 PCB 和 OH-PCB；开发化学品运输模型；和评估地理 将使用数据库来实现这一目标。 目标 2：描述印第安纳州港口和运河中空气中 PCB 释放的特征。测量值 沉积物、水和空气中的多氯联苯和羟基多氯联苯；重现环境的实验室实验 状况;并将进行化学质量平衡建模。 目标 3：识别室内空气中 PCB 同系物的来源。该目标包括 PCB 的测定 建筑材料和生产家庭中 PCB 的制造工艺中存在同源物。 目标 4：测定 PCB 分解产物的物理化学特性。实验室 实验和计算模型将用于确定这些的平衡和动力学常数 化合物。