Project 4: Atmospheric Sources of PCB Congeners

项目总结 项目4的总体目标是更好地了解空气中观察到的浓度之间的关系 环境和室内环境中空气中多氯联苯及其分解产物的来源。项目4 为通过接触多氯联苯及其污染物显著和可衡量地减少人类风险提供了一条途径 细分产品，通过显著和可衡量的检测、预测和 确定这些化合物的属性，并评估空气中暴露的风险。我们还建议确定以下能力 减少人口规模空气中多氯联苯暴露的当代多氯联苯缓解方法。中环 项目4的假设是空气中多氯联苯及其分解产物的排放量是以下因素的函数 多氯联苯的化合物和环境基质的可测量和可量化特性 住下来。一个推论是，补救工作的有效性取决于成功的 排放源的识别和定量表征。项目4的目标是有组织的 围绕着实地研究、最先进的分析工具和城乡环境的环境建模 室外和室内环境，以量化来源、排放、化学品运输、暴露和命运。这个 项目4的目标如下： 目标1：确定城市空气中Aroclor和非Aroclor同系物的来源。测量 空气中的多氯联苯和羟基多氯联苯；化学品运输模型的开发；以及地理评估 将使用数据库来实现这一目标。 目标2：描述印第安纳州港口和航道中空气中多氯联苯的释放特征。测量结果 沉积物、水和空气中的多氯联苯和羟基多氯联苯；复制环境的实验室实验 并将进行化学质量平衡模拟。 目的3：确定室内空气中多氯联苯同系物的来源。该目标包括确定印刷电路板 在生产家庭中发现的多氯联苯的建筑材料和制造工艺中的同系物。 目的4：测定印刷电路板击穿产品的物理化学性质。实验室 将利用实验和计算模型来确定这些化合物的平衡和动力学常数 化合物。

PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of Project 4 is to better understand the relationship between the observed concentrations in air and sources of airborne PCBs and their breakdown products in ambient and indoor environments. Project 4 provides a path for significant and measureable reduction of human risk through exposure to PCBs and their breakdown products, through significant and measureable improvements in the ability to detect, predict, and attribute these compounds and to assess airborne exposure risks. We further propose to identify the ability of contemporary PCB mitigation methods to reduce population-scale airborne exposure to PCBs. The central hypothesis for Project 4 is that emissions of airborne PCBs and their breakdown products are a function of measureable and quantifiable characteristics of the compounds and environmental matrices on which PCBs reside. A corollary hypothesis is that the effectiveness of remediation efforts is dependent on the successful identification and quantitative characterization of emission sources. The aims of Project 4 are organized around field studies, state-of-the-art analytical tools and environmental modeling in urban and rural ambient outdoor and indoor environments to quantify sources, emissions, chemical transport, exposure, and fate. The aims of Project 4 are the following: Aim 1: Determine sources of airborne Aroclor and non-Aroclor congeners in urban air. Measurements of airborne PCBs and OH-PCBs; development of chemical transport models; and assessment geographic databases will be used to achieve this aim. Aim 2: Characterize the release of airborne PCBs in the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal. Measurements of PCBs and OH-PCBs in sediment, water and air; laboratory experiments that reproduce environmental conditions; and chemical mass balance modeling will be conducted. Aim 3: Identification of sources of PCB congeners in indoor air. This aim includes determination of PCB congeners in building materials and manufacturing processes that produce PCBs found in homes. Aim 4: Determination of physical-chemical properties of PCB breakdown products. Laboratory experiments and computational models will be utilized to determine equilibrium and kinetic constants of these compounds.