Sources of Airborne PCB Congeners

空气中 PCB 同系物的来源

• 批准号: 10559696
• 负责人: Keri C Hornbuckle
• 金额: $ 25.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-12 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10559696
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Air; Calibration; Categories; Child; Collaborations; Color; Communication; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Diet; Environment; Environmental Protection; Equipment and supply inventories; Event; Excision; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fishes; Freedom; Gases; Goals; Hazard Assessment; Home; Inhalation; Inhalation Exposure; Iowa; Laboratories; Light; Liquid substance; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Persons; Phase; Physical Function; Pigments; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polymers; Population; Program Research Project Grants; Property; Reagent; Reproducibility; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Schools; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Source; Superfund; Surface; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Uncertainty; Vulnerable Populations; Water; air sampling; building materials; chemical property; community engagement; consumer product; contaminated sediment; contaminated water; cost effective; data management; design; detection method; exposed human population; improved; indoor air; indoor concentrations; laboratory experiment; manufacture; manufacturing process; nanofiber; novel; novel strategies; remediation; superfund chemical; superfund site; teacher; uptake; urban area

SUMMARY: Project 4 – Sources of Airborne PCBs Project 4 addresses SRP mandates for improved methods for detecting and assessing the hazards of Superfund chemicals. We will identify and characterize sources of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) within schools and homes, and near superfund sites with PCB-contaminated sediments. Sources of airborne PCBs may include building materials contaminated with legacy Aroclor PCBs, as well as consumer products that are inadvertently contaminated with PCBs through the manufacturing process. Our central hypothesis is that emissions of airborne PCBs are a function of the properties of the PCB congeners, environmental variables, and exposed surfaces in which the PCBs reside. We will examine all PCB congeners, and both Aroclor and non-Aroclor sources of airborne PCBs. We will evaluate emissions from materials and products found in schools and neighborhoods in our partner communities using methods that are accurate, precise, and reproducible. Data produced by Project 4 will enable cost-effective decisions for their removal. We will address Project 4’s central hypothesis by pursuing the following Specific Aims: Aim 1: We will develop novel passive sampling materials. We will design and manufacture tailored electrospun nanofiber mat (ENM) as an efficient and adaptable material for passive air sampling. We will design, calibrate, and deploy samplers equipped with this novel material to detect and measure PCB congeners in the environment. Aim 2: We will identify specific sources of airborne PCBs in schools and homes. ISRP research has already shown that building materials contaminated with Aroclors, and consumer products contaminated with non-Aroclor congeners, can contribute to high levels of PCBs in indoor air. We will measure airborne PCBs in schools and homes of Columbus Junction and West Liberty, Iowa; generate an inventory of potential sources in the school rooms; and measure emissions from those materials. We will also develop new laboratory methods to measure emissions and will apply computational fluid dynamics modeling of school rooms to determine the role of each material or consumer product as a source of airborne PCBs. Aim 3: We will characterize emissions from contaminated waters nation-wide. We hypothesize that contaminated waters are a major outdoor source of airborne PCB exposure nation-wide. We will use existing public data to predict emissions, dispersion, and annual median air concentrations in communities surrounding these waters. We will test our prediction through local measurements of airborne PCBs and communicate our findings to local communities and environmental protection officials, including the EPA. Our studies require close collaboration with the ISRP Analytical Core, Community Engagement Core, and Data Management and Analysis Core. Through these collaborations, Project 4 will provide strategies to prioritize technically and economically practical remediation options that focus on reduction of exposure to PCBs.

摘要：项目 4 – 空气中多氯联苯的来源 项目 4 解决了 SRP 要求改进检测和评估危险的方法 超级基金化学品。我们将识别和描述空气中多氯联苯 (PCB) 的来源 学校和家庭内以及沉积物受多氯联苯污染的超级基金地点附近。空气传播来源 PCB 可能包括被传统 Aroclor PCB 污染的建筑材料以及消费品 在制造过程中无意中被 PCB 污染的产品。我们的中心假设是 空气中多氯联苯的排放量是多氯联苯同系物特性、环境因素的函数 变量以及 PCB 所在的暴露表面。我们将检查所有 PCB 同系物，并且 空气中 PCB 的 Aroclor 和非 Aroclor 来源。我们将评估材料和产品的排放 在我们的合作伙伴社区的学校和社区中发现，使用准确、精确和可靠的方法 可重现。项目 4 生成的数据将有助于做出具有成本效益的移除决策。 我们将通过追求以下具体目标来解决项目 4 的中心假设： 目标 1：我们将开发 新型被动采样材料。我们将设计和制造定制的静电纺纳米纤维垫（ENM） 作为一种高效且适应性强的被动空气采样材料。我们将设计、校准和部署采样器 配备这种新型材料来检测和测量环境中的 PCB 同系物。目标2：我们将 确定学校和家庭中空气中多氯联苯的具体来源。 ISRP 研究已经表明 受 Aroclor 污染的建筑材料和受非 Aroclor 污染的消费品 同系物，会导致室内空气中多氯联苯含量升高。我们将测量学校和学校中空气中的多氯联苯 爱荷华州哥伦布章克申和西自由城的住宅；生成学校潜在资源清单 房间；并测量这些材料的排放量。我们还将开发新的实验室方法来测量 排放，并将应用学校教室的计算流体动力学模型来确定每个房间的作用 材料或消费品作为空气中 PCB 的来源。目标 3：我们将描述排放的特征 全国范围内的水域受到污染。我们假设受污染的水是主要的室外来源 全国范围内空气中 PCB 暴露。我们将使用现有的公共数据来预测排放、扩散和 这些水域周围社区的年空气浓度中值。我们将通过以下方式测试我们的预测 对空气中 PCB 进行本地测量，并将我们的发现传达给当地社区和环境部门 保护官员，包括美国环保署。我们的研究需要与 ISRP 分析核心密切合作， 社区参与核心、数据管理和分析核心。通过这些合作， 项目 4 将提供策略，优先考虑技术和经济上可行的修复方案， 重点关注减少多氯联苯的接触。