Neural and Cognitive Mechanisms for Removing Emotional Information from Working Memory

从工作记忆中删除情绪信息的神经和认知机制

• 批准号: 10522600
• 负责人: Marie T Banich
• 金额: $ 78.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-23 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10522600
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Brain; Brain imaging; Cognitive; Computational Technique; Control Groups; Effectiveness; Emotional; Excision; Feedback; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Machine Learning; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Processes; Mental disorders; Mind; Nature; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Recording of previous events; Recurrence; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Scientist; Sensory; Series; Short-Term Memory; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Update; Vehicle crash; Visual Cortex; Work; associated symptom; base; cognitive control; computer science; design; expectation; imaging approach; improved; indexing; innovation; insight; neural patterning; neurofeedback; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; operation; relating to nervous system; rumination; success; weapons

PROJECT SUMMARY The overall objective of the current project is to understand how emotional thoughts can be removed from one's mind. Most psychiatric disorders are characterized by an inability to remove negative, intrusive, and maladaptive thoughts from mind. Previously examining whether an individual has purged a thought from mind has relied mainly on self-report measures (e.g., “Yes, I stopped thinking about the car crash”). In the proposed research, the research team will use a combination of brain imaging approaches with machine learning techniques drawn from computer science to provide an objective neural marker of whether indeed a thought has been removed from mind. This approach builds on proven success with this technique pioneered by the research team. This prior work focused on the removal of (emotionally neutral) information from mind and demonstrated that suppressing a specific thought and clearing one's mind of all thought rely on different neural mechanisms. Moreover, the prior findings indicated that these mental operations differentially affect one's ability to take in new information after the old information has been removed. The focus of the proposed project will be to examine how emotional information is removed from current thought. The project will ask three main questions. First, it will examine whether the emotional valence of information affects the engagement and effectiveness of neural systems involved in removing information from mind. A series of parallel studies, one involving neuroimaging and the other examining people's behavior, are designed to examine whether these removal operations are affected by a) the emotional valence (positive, negative) of the information to be removed, b) the emotional valence of the information that should now be brought to mind and c) the match (e.g., positive, positive) or mismatch (positive, negative) between the valence of the information being removed and that which replaces it. Expectations are that negative information will be harder to remove and easier to be brought into current thought than positive information. Second, the project will examine whether the effectiveness of these removal operations varies across individuals. It will assess the degree to which individuals report that they have difficulty controlling their thoughts, the degree to which they have symptoms related to depression and anxiety, and their ability to hold and manipulate information in working memory. Expectations are that individuals who report difficulty in controlling their thoughts will have difficulty in removing information from mind, and that people with higher levels of depression will have specific difficulties in removing negative thoughts. Third, the project will examine whether individuals can be trained, using real-time feedback about brain function during neuroimaging, to effectively remove thoughts from mind by providing them with a sense of what it feels like to successfully remove a thought. The results of the proposed project will have important implications both for understanding the recurrent and intrusive thoughts that characterize psychopathology and for providing insights on how they might be reduced.

项目摘要 当前项目的总体目标是了解如何从一个人的身上消除情感思想 头脑。大多数精神疾病的特征是无法消除负面，侵入性和适应不良 想到的想法。以前检查一个人是否已经从思想中清除了想法已退休 主要是根据自我报告措施（例如，“是的，我不再考虑车祸”）。在拟议的研究中 研究团队将使用大脑成像方法与机器学习技术的结合使用 从计算机科学提供客观的神经标记 从脑海。通过研究团队开创的这项技术，这种方法基于证明成功。这 先前的工作重点是从思想中删除（情感中立的）信息，并证明 抑制一种特定的思想并清除所有思想的思想取决于不同的神经机制。 此外，先前的发现表明，这些心理操作对人的接受能力有所不同 删除旧信息后的新信息。拟议项目的重点将是 检查如何从当前思想中删除情感信息。该项目将提出三个主要问题。 首先，它将检查信息的情感价是否影响 从心理中删除信息的神经系统。一系列平行研究，一项涉及 神经影像学和其他检查人们的行为，旨在检查这些去除是否 操作受a）要删除的信息的情感价（正，负）的影响，b） 现在应该想到的信息的情感价和c）匹配（例如，积极， 正面）或不匹配（正面，负）与要删除的信息价和哪些信息之间 取代它。期望负面信息将很难删除，并且更容易被带入 当前的思想比积极信息。其次，该项目将检查这些项目的有效性是否 删除操作各不相同。它将评估个人报告的程度 难以控制他们的思想，与抑郁和动画有关的症状的程度， 以及他们在工作记忆中保存和操纵信息的能力。期望的是个人 报告很难控制他们的想法会很难从思想中删除信息，并且 抑郁症水平较高的人将在消除负面想法方面遇到特定的困难。第三， 项目将使用有关大脑功能的实时反馈来检查是否可以接受培训 神经影像学，通过为他们的感觉有效地消除思想 成功删除一个想法。拟议项目的结果将对 了解表征心理病理学并提供的反复和侵入性思想 关于如何减少它们的见解。