21st Century Imaging Sciences: Graduate Student Training

项目概要： 成像技术的革命性进步推动了生物医学科学的发现。这些进步在 成像依赖于物理和生物科学领域的技术创新。近几 几十年来，一些重大突破强调了这种相互依存的重要性， 技术与生物医学科学的关系。一个重要的发现最终导致了 2008年诺贝尔奖是Tsien等人的工作，导致了结构，表达和优化 用于生物医学成像应用的荧光蛋白。还有其他的关键发现， 成像技术、造影剂和临床应用领域。例如，多模态 包括PET/CT和PET/MR在内的成像技术沿着影像学的发展而快速发展 用于组合来自在各种生物学位置获得的多模态成像研究的数据集的融合技术 尺度、空间和时间分辨率。多模态纳米粒子成像的主要进展 代理商已经利用了无数的成像平台，从显微镜到MRI和PET。 超极化13 C MR与采用最先进PET/MR的同步11 C PET相结合 扫描仪预示着临床前和临床分子成像的革命。光学进展 技术继续快速发展，最近，超分辨率显微镜（诺贝尔奖）， 化学，2014年）和光遗传学（庆应义塾医学科学奖，2014年）彻底改变了生物学 以理工科为重 世纪影像科学面临的挑战和前沿领域是什么？以下 这些例子说明了与基础科学和转化科学的进步相互关联的挑战。 (1)随着细胞治疗和组织工程的进展，干细胞的非侵入性成像将成为可能。 需要确定向目标地点交付。(2)将开发更多的混合成像系统，例如 PET和光学或光声成像。(3)具有多模态成像能力的纳米颗粒， 药物有效载荷将被优化并进入临床试验。这些挑战必须通过 工程师、物理学家、计算机科学家、数学家、化学家、 生物学家和医生在生物学、技术和医学之间的界面上共同工作 开发新的成像技术、模式和应用。因此，华盛顿大学 启动了成像科学途径（ISP），最初通过T90-R90路线图计划拨款 到2010年。该提案要求在基础广泛的T32机制下继续支持 在我们的成像科学途径博士前学生的跨学科培训。

Project Summary: Revolutionary advances in imaging drive discovery in the biomedical sciences. These advances in imaging depend on innovations in technology throughout the physical and biological sciences. In recent decades, a number of significant breakthroughs have underscored the importance of this interdependent relationship between technology and biomedical science. One important discovery that culminated in the 2008 Nobel Prize was the work of Tsien et al. that led to the structure, expression, and optimization of fluorescent proteins for biomedical imaging applications. There have been other key discoveries in the areas of imaging technology, contrast agents and clinical applications. For example, multimodality imaging, including PET/CT and PET/MR, has evolved at a rapid pace, along with development of image fusion technology for combining data sets from multimodal imaging studies obtained at various biological scales, spatial and temporal resolutions. Major advances in multimodality nanoparticle based imaging agents have taken advantage of the myriad of imaging platforms, from microscopy to MRI and PET. Hyperpolarized 13C MR in concert with simultaneous 11C PET employing state-of-the-art PET/MR scanners promises a revolution in preclinical and clinical molecular imaging. Advances in optical techniques have continued a rapid pace with most recently, super resolution microscopy (Nobel Prize in chemistry, 2014), and optogenetics (Keio Medical Science Prize, 2014) revolutionizing the biological sciences. What are the challenges and frontier domains of imaging sciences in the 21st century? The following examples describe challenges that are interconnected with advances in basic and translational sciences. (1) With progress in cell therapy and tissue engineering, noninvasive imaging of stem cells will be needed to ascertain delivery to target sites. (2) More hybrid imaging systems will be developed, such as PET and optical or photoacoustic imaging. (3) Nanoparticles with multimodality imaging capabilities and drug payloads will be optimized and moved into clinical trials. These challenges must be met by interdisciplinary teams of engineers, physicists, computer scientists, mathematicians, chemists, biologists, and physicians working together at the interfaces between biology, technology, and medicine to develop new imaging technologies, modalities, and applications. Washington University therefore launched the Imaging Sciences Pathway (ISP), initially through a T90-R90 Roadmap Initiative grant through 2010. This proposal requests continued support under a broad-based T32 mechanism for the interdisciplinary training of predoctoral students in our Imaging Sciences Pathway.