A field-based experimental system for the evaluation of the effects of elevated temperature and CO2 on peatlands

用于评估高温和二氧化碳对泥炭地影响的现场实验系统

• 批准号: 458702-2014
• 负责人: Lindo, Zoë
• 金额: $ 10.83万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=542006
• 关键词: field; based; experimental; system; evaluation

A field-based experimental system for the evaluation of the effects of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide on peatlands is proposed. In two different boreal peatland types (poor and intermediate fens) with ~10 years of historical climatological and hydrological monitoring data, we will install a system that comprises 16 clear polycarbonate open-top chambers, a carbon dioxide delivery system, a ground-heating system, and an off-grid power system. With this, we will implement a full factorial treatment of climate change factors, including elevated carbon dioxide, and soil warming, to simulate future climate and soil conditions. Clear polycarbonate chambers (~1m dia x 1m high) with a 0.2m deep rigid collar will contain each experimental treatment. In each of the experimental chambers, a ground-heating system will be installed to simulate the effects of prolonged atmospheric warming on the surface peats. Precision flow-controllers and a high-pressure carbon dioxide source will be used to increase carbon dioxide concentration in experimental chambers to 1000 ppm carbon dioxide to simulate future atmospheric concentrations. This globally unique infrastructure will facilitate the research of six principal investigators and their research groups asking fundamental questions about the effects of a changing climate on peatland ecosystems. A main goal of all investigators is to reduce the scientific uncertainty surrounding the fate of stored carbon in boreal peatlands, and the potential for carbon release back to the atmosphere, amplifying future climate change. This feedback has profound implications for ecosystem and climate modeling, as well as for national economic well-being in a future 'carbon economy'. In addition, the infrastructure will allow the researchers to deepen our understanding of the cycling of nitrogen, biodiversity and ecosystem function, below-ground microbial biogeochemical processes, and the physics of heat and moisture transfer in peatlands, all of which couple to the carbon cycle. All of this data will be used directly to improve models that will be used to forecast the trajectory of Canada's peatland carbon stores.

提出了一种用于评估高温和二氧化碳对泥炭地影响的野外实验系统。在拥有约10年历史气候和水文监测数据的两种不同的北方泥炭地类型(劣质和中等沼泽)，我们将安装一个系统，包括16个透明聚碳酸酯开顶室、一个二氧化碳输送系统、一个地热系统和一个离网电力系统。为此，我们将实施气候变化因素的全因素处理，包括二氧化碳升高和土壤变暖，以模拟未来的气候和土壤条件。透明聚碳酸酯腔体(直径约1米x高1米)，带有0.2米深的硬环，将包含每个实验处理。在每个试验室中，将安装一个地面供暖系统，以模拟长期的大气变暖对地表泥炭的影响。将使用精密流量控制器和高压二氧化碳源将实验室中的二氧化碳浓度增加到1000ppm二氧化碳，以模拟未来的大气浓度。这一全球独一无二的基础设施将促进六名主要研究人员及其研究小组的研究，他们提出关于气候变化对泥炭地生态系统的影响的基本问题。所有研究人员的一个主要目标是减少围绕北部泥炭地碳储存命运的科学不确定性，以及碳释放回大气的可能性，从而放大未来的气候变化。这种反馈对生态系统和气候模型以及未来“碳经济”中的国家经济福祉有着深远的影响。此外，该基础设施将使研究人员能够加深我们对氮循环、生物多样性和生态系统功能、地下微生物生物地球化学过程以及泥炭地热量和水分转移物理的理解，所有这些都与碳循环有关。所有这些数据将直接用于改进模型，这些模型将用于预测加拿大泥炭地碳储存的轨迹。