Glove box, optical microscope and electronics for advanced 2-D materials research

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Since the dawn of modern computing, the energy efficiency of computation has been a driving force for both evolutionary change and revolutionary change in electronics. Today, approximately 1500 TWhr per year or 10% of global electricity production is consumed on information and communication technologies, primarily on cloud computing (M. P. Wells, The Cloud Begins With Coal). The environmental implications of unprecedented energy consumption by computing infrastructure have not escaped the public’s attention (J. Glanz, Power, Pollution and the Internet, New York Times, 2012). Improved energy efficiency can be reached by developing transistors with inherently low operating voltage, widely acknowledged to be achievable by using quantum mechanical effects such as tunnelling (A. M. Ionescu and H. Riel, Nature 479, 329 (2011)).