Differentiated Integration in Europe

该项目旨在描述和解释欧盟的差异化一体化(DI)。十多年来，国际直接投资一直被认为是欧盟在不断深化和扩大的情况下的一种独特发展，是摆脱一体化僵局的一种方式。然而，这场辩论与缺乏对这一现象的实证研究和理论欣赏形成了鲜明对比。因此，我们建议在欧洲建立第一个差异化一体化的全面数据集。在1958年至2009年的整个期间，对于所有欧盟成员国以及欧洲经济区的准成员国和瑞士，我们将仔细审查欧盟的主要法律和相关的次要法律，以寻找具有地域差异有效性的规则。这一数据集可以系统地描述性分析差异化一体化的趋势以及具体国家或具体政策的模式。此外，我们还将进行宏观量化分析，以解释差异化整合的趋势和模式。为此，我们首先利用理性的政府间主义、建构主义和制度主义的方法对欧洲一体化理论的猜想进行开发和测试。

The project seeks to describe and explain differentiated integration (DI) in the European Union. For more than a decade, DI has been debated as a Ukely development of the EU in the face of the progressive deepening and widening and as a way out of integration impasses. This debate, however, contrasts with a lack of .empirical research and theoretical appreciation of the phenomenon. We therefore propose to build the first comprehensive dataset of differentiated integration in Europe. For the entire period from 1958 to 2009, and for all EU member states plus the quasi-member states of the European Economic Area plus Switzerland, we will scrutinize the primary and the relevant secondary law of the EU for rules with territorially differentiated validity. This dataset allows for a systematic descriptive analysis of trends as well as country- or policy-specific patterns of differentiated integration. In addition, we wiU conduct macro-quantitative analyses in order to explain the trends and patterns of differentiated integration. For this purpose, we first develop and then test conjectures drawing on rational-intergovernmentalist, constructivlst, and institutionalist approaches to the theory of European integration.