Comprehensive Research on the View of Nature in the Renaissance

1.从1997年到2000年，我们在学园女子学院、多思沙大学和京都大学举办了8次学术论文朗读会，每次都有40-50人参加。在这些会议中，我们从不同的角度讨论了文艺复兴时期的自然观。1998年，我们与另一个机构合作举办了国际会议。这些会议的主要议题是：(1)早期人文主义者的医学批评中的反学院派自然观，(2)彼得拉卡之后的文学作品中的经典和田园自然观，(3)对自然的非理性和理性的调查，以及遵循数学模型的对自然的新理解(例如伽利略)，(4)典型的封闭式思想家的魔法和深奥的宇宙观，(5)关于透视和文艺复兴艺术中的自然主义的新自然观，等等。在这些问题上，人们进行了各种各样的讨论，他们的结论是：(1)文艺复兴时期取代中世纪自然观的新自然观，不仅是科学发现的结果，也是一切文化活动(哲学、文学、美术等)中自然观发生变化的结果。(2)这种变化也发生在对“人的自然”(人性)的理解上，刺激了新的人观的产生，呈现了一种新的人类共同体，即社会和国家。我们继续收集用日语编写的文艺复兴时期文学书目的材料，并输入他们的信息。

1. We had eight meetings for reading research papers at Gakusyuin Women's College, Dosisha University and Kyoto University from 1997 to 2000, and got 40-50 participants each time. In these meetings, we discussed the view of nature in the Renaissance from various angles. In 1998, we held the international meeting in collaboration with another institutes.2. Main points at issue in these meetings were : (1) Anti-scholastic view of nature seen in the criticism of medicine of early humanists, (2) Classic and pastoral view of nature seen in the literature after Petrarca, (3) Averoestic and rational investigation into nature and new understanding of nature following the mathematics' model (e.g. Galileo Galilei), (4) Magical and esoteric view of universe typically seen in the Hermetic thinkers, (5) New view of nature concerning the perspective and the naturalism in the Renaissance arts, etc.3. Over these points many sorts of discussions were hold, and their conclusions were : (1) New view of nature in the Renaissance, which replaced that of the Middle Age, was caused not only by the scientific discoveries, but also by the change of view of nature made in all activities of culture (philosophy, literature, fine art, etc.). (2) This change, which also happened in the understanding of 'nature in human being' (human nature), stimulated the creating of the new view of man and presented the new type of human community, i.e. society and state.4. We continued to collect the materials for making the bibliography of Renaissance literature written in Japanese and inputted their information.