Study on bio-molecular analysis of occupational arsenic poisoning and on the prevention of arsenic poisoning

为研究砷中毒并建立砷中毒的评价指标，对内蒙古鞍钢焦炉工人和饮用天然砷污染井水的村民进行了实地调查。分析砷暴露指数和暴露时间与村民皮肤症状的相关性。皮肤症状男性比女性明显。成人暴露指数与角化过度呈正相关，且系数较大。观察了男性成人皮肤色素沉着与砷暴露指数的相关性。暴露时间与皮肤症状有良好的相关性。在女性中，长期暴露于砷引起的角化过度以足底为主，手掌居多。男性皮肤色素沉着明显。生物暴露监测与皮肤症状无关。儿童As甲基化率高于男性，其次为女性。甲基化率低的患者更容易出现皮肤色素沉着。尿8-OHdG与砷暴露监测相关性较弱，但与皮肤症状相关。砷暴露村民血清GM-CSF呈高趋势。避免接触砷一般能改善皮肤症状。持续暴露于砷中直到换水之前，这种改善是明显的。虽然甲基化率低的病例表现出更严重的色素沉着，但通过避免暴露于砷容易改善。焦炉作业工人肺癌和食道癌的标准化比率较高。在炉旁工作的工人有尿8-OHdG增高的趋势。他们也暴露在苯中，但炉旁空气中苯的浓度并不高。因此，其他因素，如a，被认为与这些工人的DNA损伤有关。

For the purpose of study on arsenic (As) poisoning and establish the estimate indexes for those occurrence, field researches were done on coke oven workers in Angshang Steel company and on villagers who drunk naturally As contaminated well water in Inner Mongolia. Correlation between As exposure index or As exposure duration and skin symptoms were analyzed on the villagers. Skin symptoms were obvious in male than female. As exposure index were related with hyperkeratosis with large coefficient in adult. Correlation between skin dyspigmentation and As exposure index was observed in male adult. As exposure duration and skin symptoms showed good correlation. In female, long term As exposure cause hyperkeratosis on sole dominantly than palm. Dyspigmentation of skin were prominent in male. Biological exposure monitoring did not correlate to skin symptoms. Methylation ratio of As was higher in children, then female than male. Low cases with low methylation ratio were easier to be skin dyspigmentation. Urine 8-OHdG showed weak correlation with As exposure monitoring but with skin symptoms. GM-CSF in serum showed high tendency in As exposed villagers. Avoiding of As exposure improved skin symptoms generally. The improvement was clear in whom continuously exposed to As until just before the changing of water. Although low methylation rate cases showed more serious dyspigmentation, they improved easily by avoiding As exposure. Standardized rate ratios of lung and esophagus cancers in workers engaged at coke oven work were high. Workers at side of oven showed the tendency of high urine 8-OHdG.They also exposed to benzene but the air concentration of benzene at side of oven was not so high. So other factors such as As were estimated to relate to DNA damage in those workers.