A Study on Sensitive Evaluation for Environmental Design of Marine Living Spaces

海洋结构的设计者必须考虑到保持生活和工作环境的舒适性。在病情严重超出舒适环境标准的情况下，需要采取一些补偿措施，如带空调系统的生活节奏，采用敏感评价。由此，建立海洋结构物环境设计的综合敏感性评价方法。本研究项目进行了以下研究：(1)对人体热平衡方程进行了细致的研究，确定了与海洋暴露环境有关的热因子，以期对人体进行热控制。将作为评价工作空间的指标的人体蓄热公式，实际简化为温度、风速、代谢热和布料耐热性的函数。这个公式可以用来判断是否需要一些补偿结构和合适的加热设备来保护工人免受严重暴露环境的伤害。(2)为了掌握人体热状态与手术温度、代谢热、衣服等热环境因素的关系，实验在恒温恒湿室和阳光环境下，通过热测量仪进行。在实验结果的基础上，建立了人体热平衡模型，以蓄热量作为热应激指标进行计算。

The designers of marine structure have to take into account of keeping living and working environment to be comfort. In a case of the severe condition beyond the criterion of comfortable environment, some measures for compensation, such as a living pace with air conditioning system need to be taken by use of sensitive evaluation. Hence, the methodology of synthetic sensitive evaluation would be established for environmental design of marine structure. The following study was carried out in this research project.(1) The thermal equilibrium equation of human body is investigated finely and the thermal factor related to oceanic exposure environment are defined for the purpose of thermal control of human body. Furthermore, the formula for the heat storage of body which is regarded as the measure for the evaluation of working space, is simplified practically as a function consisted of temperature, wind velocity, metabolic heat and cloth heat resistance. This formula can be desirably used to judge the necessity of some compensated structure and suitable heat equipment for the protection of workers against severe exposure environment.(2) In order to grasp the relation between the thermal state of human body and the thermal environmental factors such as operative temperature, metabolic heat and clothes, the experiment is carried out during the excise by ergo-meter in constant temperature and humidity room and under sunshine environment. Being based on the results of experiment, the heat balance model human body is established with a view of calculating the quantity of heat storage as a heat stress index.