Moving Activities of the Aged and House Planning for Their Self-supporting Life in Hokkaido

在像北海道这样多雪寒冷的地区，老年人住房领域存在很多问题。特别是在冬天，由于气候的原因，老人不得不在家里度过大部分的季节。但房屋入口的设计也造成了他们外出的限制。因此，我们对老年人的活动、房屋入口和车库的形式以及除雪系统进行了研究。本研究的特点如下：1)在北海道，老年人和残疾人在冬天外出走动是受到限制的。2)外出活动的有限性与房屋入口的形式和通道的除雪密切相关。3)老人在高层房屋的入口处行动不便。4)如果房子没有顶棚，老人很难在下雪天出门。5)人们有了一些新的途径空间除雪手段，如融雪机、道路加热系统、有盖途径等。

We have many problems in this field of housing for the aged in the snowy and cold region like Hokkaido. Especially in winter, old people are obliged to stay at home for a great part of the season, because of the climate. But the design of house entrance causes the restriction of their going out, too. So we some researches about activities of the aged, form of house entrance and garage and snow removing system in approach. The characteristics of this study are as follows.1)In Hokkaido, the people of aged and disabled are limited to go out and walk around in winter.2)The limited activities of their goin out is closely related to the form of house entrance and snow removing of approach.3)Old people cannot move smoothly in the entrance of high-floor house.4)Also in case of houses with no covered approach, it's difficult for old people to go out on a snowy day.5)People have some new means of snow removing from approach space, like snow melting machine, road heating system, covered approach, and so on.