Linear backlash-free tappet-drive

机床中的线性驱动系统应传递高力以实现高动态。同时，定位要尽可能准确。不同的驱动系统有特定的优点和缺点。已建立的具有机械动力传输（例如滚珠丝杠和齿条和小齿轮驱动器）的系统具有传动系中的齿隙的主要问题，这降低了定位精度。为了补偿或避免齿隙，需要额外的机械部件或额外的控制工程方法。此外，点或线形状的接触点限制了最大可传递力。此外，滚珠丝杠由于其长度依赖的刚度而具有有限的操作范围。作为现有系统的替代方案，提出了一种新颖的驱动系统，该驱动系统无间隙，具有增加的刚度，并且可以用于任何长度的进给轴。该新颖的系统是一个齿条传动与单独驱动和控制的牙齿（小齿轮）与直齿面。这导致单个齿和齿条之间的真实的表面接触，这使得能够增加动力传递。合适数量的单个齿及其布置可以确保系统中没有齿隙。可能的实施方案是事先设计好的。在研究项目中，应建立一个可变试验台，以测试各种机械和控制概念，并评估其潜力。这一新概念为线性驱动系统提供了一种新的选择，该系统在定位精度、最大作用力和刚度方面对驱动单元有很高的要求。

Linear drive systems in machine tools should transmit high forces in order to achieve high dynamics. At the same time, the positioning should be as accurate as possible. Different drive systems have specific advantages and disadvantages. The established systems with mechanical power transmission such as ball screws and rack and pinion drives have the primarily problem of backlash in the drive train, which reduces positioning accuracy. In order to compensate for or avoid the backlash, additional mechanical components or additional control engineering approaches are required. Furthermore, the point or line shaped contact spots limit the maximum transmittable force. In addition, ball screws have a limited operating range due to their length-dependent rigidity. As an alternative to existing systems, a novel drive system is proposed which is backlash-free, has increased rigidity and can be used for feed axes of any length. The novel system is a rack drive with individually driven and controlled teeth (tappet) with straight tooth flanks. This leads to a real surface contact between the single tooth and the rack, which enables an increased power transmission. A suitable number of individual teeth and their arrangement can ensure freedom from backlash in the system. Possible implementations were designed in advance. Within the research project, a variable test bench shall be set up, which will allow various mechanical and control concepts to be tested and their potential to be assessed. The novel concept promises a new alternative for linear drive systems with very high demands on the drive unit in terms of positioning accuracy, maximum force and rigidity.