Chromosomal Analysis for Evaluation of Grade of Malignancy in Esophageal Carcinoma

为探讨染色体14 q32缺失与食管癌恶性程度的关系，应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术和4个微卫星标记，对食管癌14 q32缺失进行了检测（D14S62，D14S51，D14S267，对34例食管鳞癌患者进行染色体14 q32杂合性缺失（洛）检测。27例标本经福尔马林固定后石蜡包埋，7例标本新鲜冷冻保存于-80 ℃。各位点的洛缺失发生率分别为：D14 S62位点57.1%（8/14例信息性缺失）、D14 S267位点35.7%（5/14例信息性缺失）、D14 S250位点0%（0/3例信息性缺失）。在S14S51.2未获得信息性病例。洛缺失与临床病理因素（性别、组织学类型、肿瘤部位、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、血管浸润、组织学分期、可手术性）及复发无明显关系.虽然本研究不能证明染色体14 q32的洛缺失与食管癌的预后有关，但我们推测染色体14端粒区可能含有一个抑癌基因，该基因的失活可能是由于染色体易位以及该区域的等位基因丢失所致。需要对该位点进行进一步研究，以评估食管癌的恶性程度。

To investigate the relationship between the deletion of chromosome 14q32 and grade of malignancy in esophageal cancer, we searched for the deletion of chromosome 14q32, using polymerase chain reation (PCR) and 4microsatellite markers (D14S62, D14S51, D14S267, D14S250).DNA from 34 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was examined for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 14q32. Twenty-seven specimens were formalin-fixed and embetted in paraffin and 7 were fresh-frozen and stored at -80ﾟC.Results1. The incidence of LOH at at each locus was as follows : 57.1% (8 out of 14 informative cases) at D14S62,35.7% (5 out of 14 informative cases) at D14S267,0% (0 out of 3 informative cases) at D14S250. No informative case was obtained at S14S51.2. No significant relationship was revealed between LOH and clinicopathological factors (gender, histological type, tumor location, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, histologic stage, surability) and prognosis.3. Although we could not show prognostic significance of LOH on chromosome 14q32 in esophageal carcinoma in this study, it is hypothesized that the telomeric region of chromosome 14 may contain a tumor suppressor gene, inactivation of which might be caused by chromosomal translocation as well as by allelic loss of this region. Additional investigation of this locus is needed for the evaluation of grade of malignancy in esophageal carcinoma.