A Sociolinguistic Study on the Transition and Variation of Reading and Writing in Hong Kong.

本研究旨在厘清二战后香港的识字，即“读与写”及与之相关的社会活动和现象。主要讨论的主题是“读与写”与1960-70年代香港社会转型的关系。证据证明，这一时期的社会转型迫使“读与写”能力、“读与写”的主体与媒介、“读与写”的身份或观念等识字品质发生了变化。早在20世纪60年代初，香港政府的中国事务秘书处S就开始在中国公民的信件上使用中文。这项服务为上世纪60年代末S的“中国官方语言运动”奠定了基础。到了1970年，S的“香港文学”意识随着文坛的文学奖项而兴起，但旧式社团和以中文(广东话)授课的中学衰落了。学校教学语言由粤语向英语的转变，一方面导致了传统观念的衰落，另一方面也使汉语文学意识的增强。此外，广东盲文的代码也在同一时期进行了修订。这意味着盲人识字工具面临着与有视力者识字同样的变化。奇怪的是，这一时期不仅是识字的改革期，也是香港社会语言学的开端。我们猜测，社会语言学在这一时期开始的原因之一是，社会转型产生的语言状况是社会语言学，特别是口语和共时研究的良好素材。我们成功地为香港社会语言学提供了书面语言、历史研究等新观点。

This study aims to clarify the Literacy, that is, 'reading ＆ writing' and social activities and phenomena concerned with them, about Hong Kong of post World War II. The main topics of discussion are focused on the relation between Literacy and transition of Hong Kong society around 1960-70's.The evidence proved that social transition in this period had forced the quality of Literacy such as ability of 'reading ＆ writing', subject and media for 'reading ＆ writing', identity or idea through 'reading ＆ writing', to change was true in this study. In the early 1960's, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, a department of Hong Kong Government, began to use Chinese on letters for Chinese citizen. This service laid a foundation for 'Chinese official language movement' in the late 1960's. In 1970's, the consciousness of 'Hong Kong literature' was brought up with literary prize under the literary circle, but old type corporation and secondary school taught with Chinese (Cantonese) declined. Sift of the teaching language from Chinese (Cantonese) to English in schools caused the decline of old-fashioned idea; whereas, on the other hand, caused the consciousness of literature written in Chinese to rise.Addition to, the code of Cantonese braille was revised in the same period. This means that the Literacy tool for the blind person were confronted a change as same as the Literacy of sighted person.Oddly enough, 'this period is not only a reformation period of Literacy but also is the beginnings of sociolinguistics in Hong Kong. We guess that one of the reasons sociolinguistics began in this period was that language situation produced through the social transition was good material for sociolinguistics, especially in spoken language and synchronic study. We offered some new view points such as written language, historical study to sociolinguistics of Hong Kong successfully.