Crisis of Rural Areas and their Prospects for Sustainable Development in Romania and Bulgaria

对罗马尼亚鲁卡尔聚落的研究结果表明，自1990年以来，乡村旅游蓬勃发展，旅游业在鲁卡尔的发展中发挥了重要作用。森林砍伐仍在继续，但《管理方案》起草后，森林砍伐的程度有所减缓。在Rucar，居民在生活环境方面的差距正在扩大。关于居民对其生活环境的评价，他们高度赞赏该定居点的景观、自然和社会团结，但担心持续的森林砍伐和许多废弃的牧场。对保加利亚Ishirkovo教授定居点的研究结果表明，定居点内的农业合作社不仅在创造就业和促进经济增长方面发挥着至关重要的作用，而且在维护和改善居民的生活环境方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。欧盟和各州政府一直在实施各种定居点发展措施，但由于地方政府行政职能薄弱，财政负担沉重，这些措施迄今收效甚微。

The research results on Rucar, a settlement in Rumania show that rural tourism has been booming since 1990 and the tourism business has been playing a significant role in the development in Rucar. Deforestation still continues, but after drafting of the "Management Plan", the degree of deforestation has been slowing down.Disparity among residents in terms of living environment is expanding in Rucar. With regard to the residents' evaluation for their living environment, they are highly appreciating the landscape, nature and social solidarity of the settlement, but are concerned about ongoing deforestation and many abandoned pastures.The research results on Professor Ishirkovo, a settlement in Bulgaria show that the agricultural cooperatives within the settlement are playing a vital role not only in creating jobs and promotion of economic growth but also maintenance and improvement of the residents' living environment. Both the EU and the State Governments have been implementing various settlement development measures, but because of poor administrative functions of the local governments and their heavy financial burdens, those measures have produced fewer results so far.