The Effectiveness of the United Nations Human Rights Council: a focus on the Universal Periodic Review

人权理事会成立于2006年，旨在改进联合国系统，促进和保护人权，并引入了普遍定期审议（UPR）。普遍定期审议将以四年为周期对所有联合国会员国的人权状况进行监测，以增强人权保护的普遍性和客观性。这项研究的重点是审查普遍定期审议的有效性。此外，考虑到普遍定期审议的目的之一是帮助提高每个成员国执行国际人权标准的能力，本研究还分析了提高这种能力的具体途径。

The Human Rights Council, established in 2006 as a reform to improve the UN systemfor promotion and protection of human rights, introduced the Universal Periodic Review (UPR). The UPR would monitor human rights situations of all UN Member States in four-year cycle in order to enhance the universality and the objectivity of human rights protection. This research has focused on examining the effectiveness of the UPR. In addition, considering that one of the aims of the UPR is to help to increase the ability of each Member State for implementing international human rights standards, this research alsoanalyzes specific ways of improving such ability.