PHYSICAL TRAINING AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HIGH RISK YOUTHS

拟议的计划的长远目标是澄清 老年人体力活动与心血管健康的关系 儿童的种族、性别和健康状况各不相同。有两个 明确的目标。第一个是检验控制的假设 体育锻炼(PT)将在休息和反应时降低血压 对于8-9岁年龄较大的儿童来说，额头感冒和运动应激源 包括血压和身体脂肪。科目将平均分配到 性别、压力和身体肥胖。科目将平均分配到 性别和种族(黑人/白人)。静息血和反应性血 压力与左心室重量相关，并可预测 未来的原发性高血压。其潜在的血流动力学调节剂 血压，心输出量，总外周阻力，将 阻抗心动图测量探讨血流动力学机制 通过哪些训练对血压和左 脑室包块。第二个目标是检验这样一种假设，即物理 根据双能x射线的测量，训练将减少身体脂肪的百分比。 吸光度(DEXA)。 血压和肥胖都超过70%的儿童将 在种族和性别范围内随机分配参加体育锻炼 或等候名单对照组。在体能训练组经历了 经过4个月的培训，所有受试者都将被重新测试，这些数据将被 用来检验主要假设。最初的控制对象将 然后进行4个月的体育锻炼，之后他们将 重新测试。此第二阶段的数据将添加到 初步体育锻炼小组，探索与训练的互动 性别和种族。首批体能训练组将被带到 在停止训练4个月后返回，看看引起的变化 通过训练是可逆的。要记录由提供的刺激 在训练中，心率将在训练期间进行监测。至 观察完整的实验室测试会话之间的变化时间进程， 皮褶和静息血压将每月测量一次。饮食和 将评估自由生活的身体活动，以帮助解释 身体成分。有氧体能将通过跑步机测试 最大耗氧量。

The proposed project has the long-term objective of elucidating the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular health in children varying in ethnicity, gender and health status. There are two specific aims. The first is to test the hypothesis that controlled physical training (PT) will reduce blood pressure, at rest and in reaction to forehead cold and exercise stressors, in 8-9 year olds who are high in both blood pressure and body fatness. Subjects will be divided equally on gender and pressure and body fatness. Subjects will be divided equally on gender and ethnicity (black/white). Both resting and reactive blood pressure are correlated with left ventricular mass and are predictive of future essential hypertension. The underlying hemodynamic regulators of blood pressure, cardiac output the total peripheral resistance, will be measured with impedance cardiography to explore hemodynamic mechanisms through which training has a favorable influence on blood pressure and left ventricular mass. The second aim is to test the hypothesis that physical training will reduce percent body fat, as measured with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Children above the 70th percentile in both blood pressure and fatness will be randomly assigned, within ethnicity and gender, to a physical training or waiting list control group. After the physical training group undergoes 4 months of training, all subjects will be retested and these data will be used to test the primary hypotheses. The initial control subjects will then perform 4 months of physical training, after which they will be retested. The data from this second phase will be added to the data of the initial physical training group to explore interactions of training with gender and ethnicity. The initial physical training group will be brought back 4 months after cessation of training to see of the changes elicited by the training are reversible. To document the stimulation provided by the training, heart rate will be monitored during training sessions. To observe the time course of changes between the full lab testing sessions, skinfolds and resting blood pressure will be measured monthly. Diet and free living physical activity will be assessed to help explain changes in body composition. Aerobic fitness will be measured with treadmill tests of maximal oxygen consumption.