AUDITORY FACTORS IN SPEECH PERCEPTION

这项研究的长期目标是发展我们的基本 人类如何辨别和识别语音的知识， 将这些知识应用于解释声音中的元音 语言的模式。 拟议的研究将调查一个关于语音的一般主张 语音特征区分的实现。这项索赔，提到 听觉增强假说认为， 特征区别往往具有相互增强的效果， 确保区分的感知鲁棒性。音韵特点 通常具有多个单独的语音相关，但是这些 相关性通常可以基于以下关系被分组为相干子集： 听觉共性或增强。因此，这些子集形成“集成 知觉属性”介于个体的水平之间 相关性和独特性。听觉增强假说是 它不仅对理解语音感知性能很重要， 有助于解释各种难以解释的语音规律 从言语产生的物理学和生理学角度进行解释。 在目前的拨款期间，大部分研究都集中在 听觉增强的作用，在感知的区别， [+voice]和[-voice]辅音和[+high]和[- 高]元音。大多数拟议中的研究将评估 增强假说的一个更广泛的范围内的功能区别。 待研究的区别将包括[+/-高]、[+/-后]和 [+/-冠状]元音和[+/-语态]，[+/-连续音]，[+/-响音]， 和咝咝声与非咝咝声（其中咝咝声对应于[+刺耳]， [+coronal]）之间的辅音。 对于每一个特征的区别，关于对应的特定声明 将测试综合感知特性及其听觉基础。 就元音而言，一系列研究将评估 “光谱重心”效应提供了一个共同的听觉 考虑到几个不同的区别。在辅音的情况下， 要评估的听觉假设通常针对每个特征 区别。多个收敛操作将用于测试许多 特定的假设。这些融合行动将包括研究 言语产生、听者识别和言语辨别 刺激和声学上类似的非言语刺激，以及听觉刺激。 建模 在理解正常语言中言语是如何表现的方面取得了明显进展 听觉系统将对模型的发展做出重要贡献， 听力受损者的语言感知能力。

The long-term objectives of this research are to develop our basic knowledge of how humans discriminate and recognize speech sounds, and to apply that knowledge toward the explanation of regularities in the sound patterns of languages. The proposed research will investigate a general claim about the phonetic realization of phonological feature distinctions. This claim, referred to as the auditory enhancement hypothesis, states that phonetic correlates of feature distinctions tend to have mutually enhancing effects which help to ensure the perceptual robustness of the distinctions. Phonological features typically have multiple individual phonetic correlates, but these correlates often can be grouped into coherent subsets based on relations of auditory commonality or enhancement. These subsets thus form "integrated perceptual properties" intermediate between the levels of the individual correlates and distinctive features. The auditory enhancement hypothesis is not only important for understanding speech perceptual performance, it also helps to account for various phonetic regularities that have resisted explanation in term of the physics and physiology of speech production. During the current grant period, much of the research has focused on the role of auditory enhancement in the perception of the distinction between [+voice] and [-voice] consonants and the distinction between [+high] and [- high] vowels. Most of the proposed research will evaluate applications of the enhancement hypothesis to a much broader range of feature distinctions. The distinctions to be investigated will include [+/-high], [+/-back], and [+/-coronal] among vowels and [+/-voice], [+/-continuant], [+/-sonorant], and sibilant vs. nonsibilant (where sibilant corresponds to [+strident] and [+coronal]) among consonants. For each feature distinction, specific claims about corresponding integrated perceptual properties, and their auditory basis, will be tested. In the case of vowels, a series of studies will evaluate the possibility that the "spectral center of gravity" effect provides a common auditory account of several different distinctions. In the case of consonants, the auditory hypotheses to be evaluated are generally specific to each feature distinction. Multiple converging operations will be used to test many of the particular hypotheses. These converging operations will include studies of speech production, listener identification and discrimination of speech stimuli and acoustically analogous nonspeech stimuli, and auditory modeling. Clear progress in understanding how speech is represented in normal auditory systems will contribute importantly to the development of models of speech perception in hearing impaired persons.