OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR CHRONIC MONITORING OF EPILEPTOGENESIS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：皮下注射 将开发用于长期植入的发射器。这些将是 由发光二极管发出的光驱动， 数据作为光脉冲序列传输。我们的目标是开发 一种长期监测植入传感器的新技术， 对经皮连接器的需求。首次申请将 是为了促进慢性，侵入性记录， 致痫灶有创记录准备消融 是全世界公认的治疗方法。通常，患者 必须在医院环境中保持很长时间，同时插入神经系统， 记录系统。一个重要的困难是， 经皮电极导线，使患者留在医院。感染和 电极导线断裂或脱位是重要的相关风险。的系统 它可以在没有导线的情况下将大脑电位传输到皮肤上 将允许从更多电极部位收集更一致的数据。这 是为了提高获得有益结果的机会，降低风险， 并降低成本，因为病人可以回家。 这项拟议工作的具体目标是取代经皮 现有记录系统的连接器和引线具有可植入的， 光连接发射机这种生物医学信号记录和 发射器系统将是独立的，可长期植入。它 将把64个电极的神经电位多路复用到一个输出端 光脉冲的通道。通过使用光来传输数据和电力， 与传统的射频技术相比， 尺寸、重量和对电磁干扰的更大抗扰性可能是 实现了该技术将在兔子和高温下进行测试 长期浸泡的功能。当得到充分证明时， 将连接到植入电极的外部导线，与 贝斯以色列女执事癫痫中心现有的仪器 医学中心当动物、生理盐水浸泡和记录测试 满意，将通过将其植入患者体内对临床装置进行测试 进行侵入性记录以定位病灶。 通过皮肤传输光来获取数据和电力需要推动 低噪声/低功耗电路设计的限制，光电源 效率和光传输。如果成功，一项新技术可能 建立一个高效节能、体积小、重量轻且不受 电干扰。为了完成这一设计，有必要 利用固体物理学、电气工程、集成电路、 电路设计和制造。为了评估，神经病学的专业知识， 脑电图，神经生理学，动物模型，仪器，和 将使用长期植入式器械包装。如果成功， 这项技术可能会在许多慢性监测中得到应用。 生理变量包括温度、pH、灌注、氧合， 等人

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): Subcutaneous transmitters will be developed for chronic implantation. These will be powered by light from a light-emitting diode, and will encode physiological data for transmission as a sequence of light pulses. The goal is to develop a new technology for chronic monitoring of implanted sensors that obviates the need for percutaneous connectors. The proposed first application will be to facilitate chronic, invasive recordings for localization of epileptogenic foci. Invasive recording in preparation for ablative procedures is an accepted therapy throughout the world. Usually, patients must be kept in a hospital setting for long times while plugged into neural recording systems. One significant difficulty is the necessity for percutaneous lead wires which keep patients in the hospital. Infection and lead breakage or dislodgement are significant associated risks. A system that could transmit the brain potentials across the skin without lead wires would allow more consistent data collection from more electrode sites. This is intended to improve the chances for a beneficial outcome, lower the risk, and reduce the costs because patients could go home. The specific aim of this proposed work is to replace the percutaneous connector and lead wires of existing recording systems with an implantable, optically-linked transmitter. This biomedical signal recording and transmitter system will be self-contained and chronically implantable. It will multiplex neural potentials from 64 electrodes onto a single output channel of light pulses. By using light for transmission of data and power, rather than traditional radio frequency techniques, a system of smaller size, weight, and greater immunity to electromagnetic interference might be realized. The technology will be tested in rabbits and high-temperature soaks for long-term functionality. When sufficiently proven, test units will be attached to external leads of implanted electrodes, in parallel with existing instrumentation in the Epilepsy Center at Beth Israel-Deaconess Medical Center. When animal, saline soak, and recording tests are satisfactory, a clinical unit will be tested by implanting it in a patient undergoing invasive recording for localization of foci. Transmitting light across the skin for data and power requires pushing the limits of low noise/low power circuit design, optical power supply efficiency, and optical transmission. If successful, a new technology may be established that is power efficient, small, lightweight, and immune to electrical interference. To accomplish this design, it will be necessary to draw on expertise in solid state physics, electrical engineering, integrated circuit design and fabrication. For evaluation, expertise in neurology, electroencephalography, neurophysiology, animal models, instrumentation, and long-term implantable device packaging will be utilized. If successful, this technology might find application in the chronic monitoring of many physiological variables including temperature, pH, perfusion, oxygenation, and others.