AUDITORY FACTORS IN SPEECH PERCEPTION

这项研究的长期目标是发展我们的基础 人类如何辨别和识别语音的知识，以及 将这些知识应用于解释声音的规律性 语言的模式。 拟议的研究将调查关于拼音的一般说法 实现语音特征的区分。这项索赔，指 如听觉增强假说所述，语音与 特征差异往往具有相互增强的效果，这有助于 确保区分的知觉健壮性。音系特征 通常有多个单独的语音关联，但这些 通常可以基于以下关系将相关器分组为相关子集 听觉上的共性或增强。这样，这些子集就形成了集成 知觉特性“介于个体各层次之间 相互关联和鲜明的特征。听觉增强假说是 它不仅对理解言语知觉表现很重要，而且 有助于解释各种不同的语音规则 从言语产生的物理学和生理学的角度进行解释。 在目前的赠款期间，许多研究都集中在 听觉增强在知觉区分中的作用 [+VOICE]和[-VOICE]辅音以及[+HIGH]和[-VOICE]的区别 高音]元音。大多数拟议的研究都将评估 增强假设涉及范围更广的特征区分。 要调查的区别将包括[+/-高]、[+/-后]和 元音中的[+/-冠音]和[+/-声音]、[+/-延续音]、[+/-音调]、 以及浊音与非浊音(其中浊音对应于[+刺耳的]和 [+冠音])辅音中。 对于每个功能区别，对应的具体权利要求 将测试综合感知特性及其听觉基础。 就元音而言，一系列研究将评估这种可能性 “光谱重心”效应提供了一种常见的听觉 解释了几种不同的区别。在辅音方面， 要评估的听觉假设通常特定于每个特征 尊贵。将使用多个收敛操作来测试许多 特定的假设。这些汇聚行动将包括研究 言语产生、听者识别和言语辨别 刺激和声学相似的非语言刺激，以及听觉刺激 模特儿。 在理解语音在正常情况下是如何表示的方面取得了明显进展 听觉系统将对模型的发展做出重要贡献 听障人士的言语知觉能力。

The long-term objectives of this research are to develop our basic knowledge of how humans discriminate and recognize speech sounds, and to apply that knowledge toward the explanation of regularities in the sound patterns of languages. The proposed research will investigate a general claim about the phonetic realization of phonological feature distinctions. This claim, referred to as the auditory enhancement hypothesis, states that phonetic correlates of feature distinctions tend to have mutually enhancing effects which help to ensure the perceptual robustness of the distinctions. Phonological features typically have multiple individual phonetic correlates, but these correlates often can be grouped into coherent subsets based on relations of auditory commonality or enhancement. These subsets thus form "integrated perceptual properties" intermediate between the levels of the individual correlates and distinctive features. The auditory enhancement hypothesis is not only important for understanding speech perceptual performance, it also helps to account for various phonetic regularities that have resisted explanation in term of the physics and physiology of speech production. During the current grant period, much of the research has focused on the role of auditory enhancement in the perception of the distinction between [+voice] and [-voice] consonants and the distinction between [+high] and [- high] vowels. Most of the proposed research will evaluate applications of the enhancement hypothesis to a much broader range of feature distinctions. The distinctions to be investigated will include [+/-high], [+/-back], and [+/-coronal] among vowels and [+/-voice], [+/-continuant], [+/-sonorant], and sibilant vs. nonsibilant (where sibilant corresponds to [+strident] and [+coronal]) among consonants. For each feature distinction, specific claims about corresponding integrated perceptual properties, and their auditory basis, will be tested. In the case of vowels, a series of studies will evaluate the possibility that the "spectral center of gravity" effect provides a common auditory account of several different distinctions. In the case of consonants, the auditory hypotheses to be evaluated are generally specific to each feature distinction. Multiple converging operations will be used to test many of the particular hypotheses. These converging operations will include studies of speech production, listener identification and discrimination of speech stimuli and acoustically analogous nonspeech stimuli, and auditory modeling. Clear progress in understanding how speech is represented in normal auditory systems will contribute importantly to the development of models of speech perception in hearing impaired persons.