PRENATAL CANNABIS & CIGARETTE EXPOSURE-LONG TERM EFFECTS

自1978年以来，一项纵向研究调查了 怀孕期间使用的大麻和香烟 正在进行中。这次渥太华产前活动的总体目的 前瞻性研究是为了检查这些药物对 怀孕、新生儿和幼童。总的目标 建议的工作是确定是否有特定的 观察到的发育迟缓和行为困难 在统计上与产前相关的新生儿和婴儿 大麻和香烟的接触在4-6岁的儿童中持续存在。 在大麻后代中，将特别注意 到视觉功能、身体状态改变和精细运动 这些能力被注意到在婴儿身上发生了改变。其中 吸烟者的后代将受到特别关注 到听觉功能、运动发育和注意力 行为-所有这些都与婴儿期和子宫内有关 暴露在香烟下。 电池在4岁时将包括以下评估 认知能力、运动技能和语言能力。在5点和 6岁的电池将包括罚款和罚款的检查 粗大的运动能力、感觉技能(触觉、视觉和听觉)、 动觉功能，视觉空间能力，语言技能， 推理能力、记忆力(视觉、触觉和语言)、 智力、学习准备、音素意识和总体 行为。母亲变量(例如，健康、营养、产次、年龄、 其他药物)和产后变数(例如家庭环境、 二手烟，学龄前)将包括在多元 统计分析。 渥太华的研究是唯一一项跟进大麻的工作 超过一岁的后代是最全面的， 纵向检查4-6岁儿童吸烟情况 吸烟者。对这个年龄段的孩子的测试尤其是 关键，因为对细微学习困难的预测是最重要的 很可能来自这个年龄段的研究。

Since 1978, a longitudinal study investigating the effects of marihuana and cigarettes used during pregnancy has been underway. The overall purpose of this Ottawa Prenatal Prospective Study is to examine the effects of these drugs on pregnancy, the neonate and the young child. The general objective of the proposed work is to determine whether particular developmental delays and behavioural difficulties observed in the newborn and infant that are statistically associated with prenatal marihuana and cigarette exposure persist in the 4-6 year old child. Among the marihuana offspring particular attention will be paid to visual functioning, body state alterations and fine motor abilities as these were noted to be altered in the infant. Among the offspring of cigarettes users particular attention will be paid to auditory functioning, motor development and attentional behaviour- all of which were related in infancy to in utero cigarette exposure. The battery at 4 years of age will include an assessment of cognitive performance, motor skills and verbal abilities. At 5 and 6 years of age the battery will include an examination of fine and gross motor abilities, sensory skills (tactile visual and auditory), kinesthetic functioning, visual-spatial capabilities, language skills, reasoning ability, memory (visual, tactile and language), intelligence, academic readiness, phonemic awareness and overall behaviour. Maternal variables (e.g., health, nutrition, parity, age, other drugs) and post-natal variables (e.g. home environment, second-hand smoke, preschool) will be included in multivariate statistical analyses. The Ottawa study is the only work to follow-up marihuana offspring beyond a year of age and is the most comprehensive, longitudinal work examining 4-6 year old children of cigarette smokers. The testing of children of this age is particularly critical as the prediction of subtle learning difficulties is most likely to come from studies of this age group.