GENETIC MAPPING OF MOUSE CHROMOSOMAL GENES

确定人类基因组特征的主要目标之一是 模式物种高密度遗传连锁图谱的制作 就像老鼠一样。我们的测绘工作依赖于两种不同的方法。 传统上，我们使用中国仓鼠与小鼠的体细胞杂交来 将新发现的基因分配给特定的染色体。这些混血儿 对确定基因的数量仍然有用 具有多个基因组拷贝的杂交探针，如热休克 蛋白质基因，或定位控制物种特定特征的基因 在组织培养中表达，如干扰素-γ的辅助因子 受体。最近，我们一直在使用Southern印迹来定位基因 种间和种间两个遗传杂交后代的分析 亚种间回交。这些杂交后代的DNA具有 已经对各种多态参考基因座进行了分型，以允许绘制 连锁图谱上特定位置的未知标记。这些研究 导致了大量基因的染色体图谱 包括在神经组织中表达的各种基因，钙通道 囊性纤维化跨膜传导的小鼠同源基因 调节基因，以及转录因子的各种基因。其中几个 这些基因位于或接近已知的小鼠突变，因此 这些突变的潜在候选者。因此，有一个基因是特定的 在黑素细胞中表达的基因定位在10号染色体上的银色位点附近， 另一个在大脑中特异表达的基因被定位在 缺陷性神经突变和突变型缺失型缺失型缺陷症 老鼠。

One of the major goals of the effort to characterize the human genome is the production of high density genetic linkage maps of model species such as the mouse. Our mapping efforts rely on two different approaches. Traditionally we have used Chinese hamster x mouse somatic cell hybrids to assign newly identified genes to specific chromosomes. These hybrids continue to be useful to determine the number of genes identified by hybridization probes with multiple genomic copies, like the heat shock proteins genes, or to map genes which govern species specific traits expressed in tissue culture like the accessory factor for interferon gamma receptor. More recently, we have been mapping genes using Southern blot analysis of the progeny of two genetic crosses, an interspecies and an intersubspecies backcross. DNAs from the progeny of these crosses have been typed for a variety of polymorphic reference loci to permit mapping of unknown markers to specific positions on the linkage map. These studies have resulted in the chromosomal mapping of a large number of genes including the various genes expressed in nervous tissue, calcium channel genes, the mouse homolog of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene, and various genes for transcriptional factors. Several of these genes map at or near known mouse mutations and therefore are potential candidates for these mutations. Thus, one gene specifically expressed in melanocytes was mapped near the silver locus on chromosome 10, and another gene specifically expressed in brain was mapped near the coloboma neurological mutation and shown to be deleted in mutant coloboma mice.