ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN'S MENTAL AND SOCIAL ABILITIES

这项研究继续对心理和社交进行纵向研究 在2个月内反复观察的一组儿童的发育情况 和4岁。这项研究的前提是在学习中 童年主要发生在人际关系中；因此， 中心目标是描述婴儿和母亲行为的差异 与儿童心理和心理的中心维度的个体发育有关 社交能力。参与评估的儿童构成 2、5、13、20和48个月龄的纵向队列。主修 这项研究的目标是研究稳定性、连续性和 心理和社会发展的最初几年的相互作用 生活。后续研究的一个值得注意的方面是对学龄前儿童的测试 认知和情绪的发展超越了智商来评估广泛的 儿童不同兴趣和能力的范围：这些程序 评估自然科学能力、身体动觉技能、音乐 才华，独特的工作作风，以及语言和逻辑- 数学能力。因为传统的心理测量方法 学龄前儿童的智力通常从很小范围的 心智能力，这类衡量先行变量的指标，它们是 在结果变量方面也受到限制，他们成功地 预测。相比之下，新的评估电池样本来自广泛的 学龄前儿童的能力和兴趣范围，从而提供 更丰富的机会回应许多理论和务实的问题 围绕精神和社会发展的核心问题的问题。

This research continues a longitudinal study of mental and social development in a cohort of children observed repeatedly between 2 months and 4 years of age. The premise of this research is that learning in childhood occurs primarily within an interpersonal context; thus, a central goal is to describe how diverse infant and maternal behaviors relate to the ontogeny of central dimensions of children's mental and social competencies. Children participating in the assessment constitute a longitudinal cohort seen at 2, 5, 13, 20, and 48 months of age. Major objectives of this research are to study stability, continuity, and interaction in mental and social development over the first years of life. One notable aspect of the follow-up is a test of preschooler cognitive and emotional development that goes beyond IQ to assess a wide range of children's diverse interests and capabilities: These procedures assess natural science ability, bodily-kinesthetic skills, musical talents, distinctive styles of work, as well as linguistic and logical- mathematical capabilities. Because traditional psychometric measures of intelligence at preschool age typically sample from a narrow range of mental abilities, such measures of antecedent variables, and they are also restricted in terms of the outcome variables they successfully predict. In contrast, the new assessment battery samples from a wide range of preschoolers' capabilities and interests and thus affords richer opportunities to respond to many theoretical and pragmatic questions that surround central issues of mental and social development.