How Does Post-Brexit Britain Wish To Exercise Its Sovereignty?

在公投期间和公投之后，英国政治的一个关键特征是投票支持留欧的人和支持退欧的人之间的分歧。双方一直倾向于对英国脱欧后与欧盟的关系持不同看法。现在有一种可能性，他们可能会对英国现在必须做出的选择采取不同的立场，因为英国对目前完全或部分由欧盟决定的政策领域承担责任。如果情况果真如此，作为英国近期政治标志的两极分化--以及党内分歧--可能会在英国退欧之后继续下去。然而，由于迄今为止缺乏对政策制定者将面临的各种选择和权衡的公开辩论，使用传统调查方法来研究公众对英国退欧后政策选择的态度受到了限制。该项目将通过使用审议方法来研究公众态度，重点关注英国脱欧后政策的三个领域-移民，劳动力市场监管和食品生产和安全。特别是，我们将使用一种称为审议民意调查的方法。在这种方法下，随机抽样的参与者可以获得有关民意调查主题的信息和专业知识，并参加有关利害关系图表问题的便利小组讨论。参与者的态度和知识通过一个自我完成的问卷测量之前和之后的审议。因此，该方法不仅可以确定民意的平衡是否在审议后发生变化，而且还可以确定为什么以及哪些选民。这样就有可能确定在选民对某一主题有更好的了解时可能证明有说服力的论点和考虑。使用这种方法，我们将能够确定留欧和退欧选民之间先前的观点差异在多大程度上因审议而被削弱或加强，从而确定它们是否可能在未来关于公共政策的辩论中永久化。与此同时，我们将能够告知决策者公众对他们正在考虑的各种政策选择可能作出的反应，并建议以最有效的方式提出他们决定采取的任何特定政策选择。到目前为止，审慎投票基本上是面对面进行的。然而，在这个项目中，在英国中部地区举行的面对面民意调查之前，将使用视频通信在线进行试点和全面的审议民意调查。虽然相隔一年，但这两项工作的审议结构将是相似的，从而有助于首次系统地比较视频增强的在线审议和面对面审议的影响，在每个关键阶段，该项目将制作主要针对非学术受众的简报，概述其最新研究结果。每次民意调查的结果将在《英国社会态度年度报告》的章节和向决策者的介绍中作更深入的报告。该项目的全部调查结果将在学术文章和一本书中报告。这项研究将由一个由学术界和决策者组成的咨询委员会全程指导，以确保审议工作是平衡的，并得到所有利益攸关方的信任。

One key feature of British politics during and since the referendum has been the strength of the division between those who voted Remain and those who backed Leave. The two sides have been inclined to take different views about what the UK's post-Brexit relationship with the EU should be. Now there is a possibility that they might take different stances about the choices that the UK now has to make as it takes on responsibility for those policy areas that are currently wholly or partly decided by the EU. If this were to be the case the polarisation - and intra-party dissensus - that has been a hallmark of recent British politics could continue well beyond Brexit itself.However, using conventional survey methods to research public attitudes to post-Brexit policy choices is constrained by what to date has been a lack of public debate about the various options and trade-offs that will face policy-makers. This project will meet these constraints by using a deliberative approach to researching public attitudes, focusing on three areas of post-Brexit policy - on immigration, labour market regulation and food production and safety.In particular, we will use an approach known as Deliberative Polling. Under this approach, a random sample of participants are given access to information and expertise about the poll's subject matter and take part in facilitated group discussions about the issues at stake charts. Participants' attitudes and knowledge are measured via a self-completion questionnaire both before and after the deliberation. As a result, the approach not only identifies whether the balance of public opinion changes in the wake of the deliberation, but also why and amongst which kinds of voters. This makes it possible to identify the arguments and considerations that are likely to prove persuasive as and when voters become better informed about a subject. Using this approach, we will be able to ascertain the extent to which any prior differences of outlook between Remain and Leave voters are weakened or reinforced as a result of deliberation, and thus whether they are or are not likely to be perpetuated in future debates about public policy. At the same time, we will be able to inform policy-makers of the likely public reaction to the various policy choices that they are considering and advise the most effective way of presenting any particular policy option that they decide to pursue. Deliberative polling has so far largely been conducted face to face. In this project, however, a face to face poll held at a central UK location will be preceded by both a pilot and a full deliberative poll undertaken online using video communication. Although conducted a year apart, the structure of the deliberation in the two exercises will be similar, thereby facilitating the first ever systematic comparison of the impact of video-enhanced online and face to face deliberation.At each key stage, the project will produce briefings aimed primarily at non-academic audiences that outline its latest findings. The results of each poll will then be reported in greater depth in chapters published in the annual British Social Attitudes report and in presentations given to policy-makers. The full findings of the project will be reported in academic articles and in a book. The research will be guided throughout by an Advisory Committee of academics and policy-makers with a view to ensuring that the deliberation is balanced and secures the confidence of all stakeholders.