EFFECTS OF HOME AND OUT-OF-HOME CARE IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT

该项目涉及哥德堡（瑞典）的研究 和柏林（德国）。瑞典的纵向研究是 旨在阐明早期儿童保育对 1982年招募了145名儿童，平均16名 月龄。初步分析显示， 替代性照料的质量对儿童的 孩子们的语言能力、社交技能和个人成熟度。 随后的分析表明，家庭日托有适度的，但 对语言能力和个人能力都有显着的负面影响， 成熟，而中心为基础的护理有有益的影响， 在孩子们开始上学的时候，的影响 家庭和替代照料的质量似乎随着时间的推移而下降。 这些儿童的心理状况和教育史 15岁的孩子正在接受分析。在柏林， 更有可能建立安全的附件， 在城市统一后，当护理提供者 将他们的注意力转移到婴儿个体的风格和需求上。 观察那些每天都在学习的孩子的日常经历， 或没有接受定期的家庭外护理显示出不同的 成人注意力、刺激和情绪的昼夜模式 交流，但社会互动的总量经历了 在一天的过程中，没有不同的取决于是否或 而不是幼儿园在一项纵向研究中， 研究人员正在评估先前个体差异的影响， 在情绪反应和母婴依恋方面， 适应家庭外中心护理。初步分析显示 婴儿护理提供者依恋的质量受到 他们的互动质量，而不是由先前的质量 婴儿和母亲之间的感情婴儿护理人员的素质 关系，沿着与婴儿=气质，似乎塑造 适应日托。

This project involves research in Goteborg (Sweden) and Berlin (Germany). The longitudinal study in Sweden was designed to elucidate the effects of early child care on the development of 145 children recruited in 1982 at an average of 16 months of age. Initial analyses indicated that the quality of home care and the quality of alternative care had substantial effects on the children=s verbal abilities, social skills, and personal maturity. Subsequent analyses showed that family day care had modest but significant negative effects on both verbal abilities and personal maturity, whereas center-based care had beneficial effects in both domains by the time children began school. The effects of the quality of home and alternative care appeared to diminish over time. The psychological status and educational histories of these children at 15 years of age are currently being analyzed. In Berlin, infants were more likely to establish secure attachments to their careproviders after reunification in the city, when care providers shifted their focus to the styles and needs of individual infants. Observations of the everyday experiences of toddlers who either did or did not receive regular out-of-home care showed different diurnal patterns of adult attention, stimulation, and emotional exchange, but the total amount of social interaction experienced over the course of the day did not differ depending on whether or not toddlers spent time in day care. In a longitudinal study, researchers are assessing the effects of prior individual differences in emotional reactivity and infant-mother attachment on the adaptation to out-of-home center care. Preliminary analysis indicate that the quality of infant-careprovider attachment is affected by the quality of their interaction rather than by the quality of the prior infant-mother attachments. The quality of infant-careprovider relations, along with the infants= temperaments, appear to shape the adaptation to day care.