SYMPATHOADRENAL AND CATECHOLAMINE FUNCTION IN HEALTH

儿茶酚胺系统，在界面上运行 在头脑和身体之间，举例说明了大脑的三种方式 调节体内平衡--通过神经递质(去甲肾上腺素， NE)、激素(肾上腺素、EPI)和自分泌/旁分泌因子 (多巴胺，DA)。我们在2003年进行了临床研究 神经心脏病学、儿茶酚胺神经化学和新奇 儿茶酚胺能系统。6-[18F]氟多胺([18F]-6F-DA) 正电子发射断层扫描(PET)导致了一种新的 原发性慢性自主神经的病理生理分类 失败了。单纯自主神经衰竭(PAF)或帕金森氏症患者 自主神经衰竭会导致心脏交感神经丧失， 而患有Shy-Drager综合征的患者减少了 节后交感神经外流至完整神经 终点站。~(13)N-氨和~(18)F-6F-DA PET扫描检测 患肢的血流灌注或交感神经异常 交感神经营养不良(RSD)患者。有病史的病人 神经性心源性晕厥反复发作的次数减少 心脏去甲肾上腺素外溢与肥厚患者 心肌病(HCM)有证据表明神经元减少 肥大心肌对去甲肾上腺素的摄取。神经化学 特异儿茶酚胺能表型与基因型别相关的研究 门克斯病、家族性自主神经紊乱(FD)和 L-芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶缺乏症。 L多巴作为多巴胺能前药的治疗 充血性心力衰竭患者的有益利钠反应 失败了。研究发现，血浆DA-硫酸盐水平与饮食有关 胃肠道内源性多巴胺产生的影响因素及影响因素 一条小路。

Catecholamine systems, operating at the interface between the mind and the body, exemplify three ways the brain regulates homeostasis -- via neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, NE), hormones (epinephrine, EPI), and autocrine/paracrine factors (dopamine, DA). We conducted clinical investigations in neurocardiology, catecholamine neurochemistry, and novel catecholaminergic systems. 6-[18F]fluorodopamine ([18F]-6F- DA) positron-emission tomographic (PET) scanning led to a new pathophysiological classification of primary chronic autonomic failure. Patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF) or parkinsonism and autonomic failure had cardiac sympathetic denervation, whereas patients with the Shy-Drager syndrome had decreased post-ganglionic sympathetic neural outflows to intact nerve terminals. 13N-ammonia and [18F]-6F-DA PET scanning detected perfusion or sympathoneural abnormalities in the affected limbs of patients with sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). Patients with a history of repeated episodes of neurocardiogenic syncope had decreased cardiac NE spillover, and patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) had evidence for decreased neuronal uptake of NE in the hypertrophic myocardium. Neurochemical studies linked specific catecholaminergic phenotypes with genotypic abnormalities in Menkes' disease, familial dysautonomia (FD), and L-aromatic-amino-acid decarboxylase (LAAAD) deficiency. Treatment with L-DOPA as a dopaminergic pro-drug produced beneficial natriuretic responses in patients with congestive heart failure. Plasma DA-sulfate levels were found to depend on dietary factors and on production of endogenous DA in the gastrointestinal tract.