ACES: Abstinence and Contraception Education Storehouse

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管美国青少年怀孕率在过去十年中显著下降，但仍高于许多其他工业化国家，美国青少年感染艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病的风险仍然很高。针对青少年的一些行为干预措施已显示出减少导致怀孕和性传播感染/艾滋病毒的不安全性行为的有效性。这些干预措施认识到社会对青年行为的影响的重要性，并着重于行为技能的培养练习，强调解决问题、伴侣之间的沟通、性谈判和禁欲。然而，教师和实践者经常发现实施这些课程具有挑战性，因为它们需要使用互动活动，如角色扮演和小组讨论，这比传统的讲座需要更多的学生参与课堂，这是许多教育工作者不熟悉或不舒服的。教师们通常会在课程中重新设计这些互动活动，或者完全取消它们。拟议的项目名为禁欲和避孕教育仓库（ACES），建议建立一个教育资源图书馆，可用于补充和加强青少年性风险降低干预措施的技能建设活动。ACES教育资源有两个目的：(a)通过提供互动教学的示范/培训来培训教师和从业人员实施互动技能培养计划的组成部分；(b)为教师/从业人员提供各种有效的青少年怀孕/性传播感染/艾滋病预防计划的互动技能培养活动和练习，以补充和加强他们自己的课程或干预措施。ACES将有两个与这些目标相对应的产品组成部分：(1)ACES教师培训图书馆，包含指导进行互动教学和促进小组参与的视频片段；(2)ACES青年活动图书馆，包含一系列视频短片和片段，展示各种角色扮演场景和围绕青少年怀孕/性传播感染/艾滋病毒预防领域的关键主题组织的小组讨论。ACES青年活动图书馆中的角色扮演和小组讨论视频片段将取自社会计量学的性、健康和青少年项目档案（PASHA），这是一个由科学家专家小组选出的34个青少年怀孕和性传播感染/艾滋病预防项目的复制工具包，这些项目在预防青少年怀孕/性传播感染/艾滋病或其危险的性行为之前是有效的。ACES的开发将通过与产品的成人（教师、保健医生）和青年目标受众代表进行可用性测试来进行。一项由两部分组成的实地测试将检查ace的潜在结果，以提高提供者在实施性健康干预措施方面的动机、技能和信心，以及青少年关于安全性行为的知识、态度和行为意图，以及青少年对预防方案的满意度。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although the U.S. teen pregnancy rate has declined significantly over the last decade, it remains higher than that of many other industrialized countries and U.S. teens remain at high risk of acquiring HIV and other STIs. A number of behavioral interventions for teens have shown efficacy in reducing unsafe sexual practices that lead to pregnancy and STIs/HIV. These interventions recognize the importance of social influences on youth behavior and have a significant focus on behavioral skills building exercises that emphasize problem solving, communication between partners, sexual negotiation and abstinence. However, teachers and practitioners often find it challenging to implement these programs as they require use of interactive activities such as role- plays and group discussions that require more student participation in the classroom than conventional lectures, something that many educators are unfamiliar or uncomfortable with. Teachers often resort to either redesigning these interactive activities within the lessons, or completely eliminating them. The proposed project, entitled the Abstinence and Contraception Education Storehouse (ACES), proposes to develop a library of educational resources that can be used to supplement and enhance skill-building activities in teen sexual risk reduction interventions. The ACES educational resource has a two-fold aim: (a) to train teachers and practitioners to implement interactive skill-building program components by offering demonstrations/training in interactive teaching, and (b) to offer teachers/practitioners a variety of interactive skill-building activities and exercises from effective teen pregnancy/STI/HIV prevention programs that can supplement and enhance their own curriculum or intervention. ACES will have two product components corresponding to these aims: (1) The ACES Teacher Training Library that contains video clips offering guidance on conducting interactive teaching sessions and facilitating group participation, and (2) the ACES Youth Activities Library that contains a series of video vignettes and clips that will demonstrate a variety of role play scenarios and group discussions organized around key topic areas in the area of teen pregnancy/STI/HIV prevention. The role-play and group discussion video vignettes in the ACES Youth Activities library will be drawn from Sociometrics' Program Archive for Sexuality, Health and Adolescence (PASHA), a collection of replication kits for 34 teen pregnancy and STI/HIV prevention programs selected as effective by a Scientist Expert Panel in preventing teen pregnancy/STI/HIV or their risky sexual behavior antecedents. Development of ACES will be informed by usability testing with representatives of the product's adult (teacher, health practitioner) and youth target audiences. A two-part field test will examine ACES' potential outcomes for enhancing providers' motivation, skill, and confidence in implementing sexual health interventions as well as youths' knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions regarding safe sex, and youths' satisfaction with the prevention program. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The ACES product will promote public health education in several ways. It will: (1) offer teachers/practitioners a variety of interactive skill-building activities and exercises that can supplement and enhance program content and activities in the intervention being implemented by them, (2) train teachers and practitioners to implement interactive skill-building program components by offering demonstrations/training in interactive teaching, and (3) increase student interest and engagement in prevention programs by incorporating such participatory activities. More highly skilled health educators and stronger, more efficacious, and more cost-effectively- produced youth-focused prevention programs should be the result.