NEUROENDOCRINE CONTROL OF PATERNAL CARE IN THE COMMON MARMOSET

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 目的：确定影响雄性绒猴优质父亲护理的因素。 由于父母养育不当或父母不在，有一些心理社会障碍困扰着人类健康。 绒猴是为数不多的社会组织/家庭结构与人类相似的哺乳动物物种之一。 这些研究的目的是确定激素途径的启动父亲的照顾行为，在双亲男性谁表现出广泛的父母照顾。嗅觉线索可以对许多哺乳动物物种产生启动效应。 有父亲经验的绒猴，Callithrix jacchus，暴露于直接孤立的嗅觉接触自己的婴儿的气味显示睾丸激素水平在20分钟内迅速下降，而没有父亲经验的男性没有。我们测试了是否有一个不同的类固醇反应暴露的婴儿气味从依赖婴儿（自己的和新的）和独立的婴儿（自己的和新的）。我们研究了血清中的雌二醇，雌酮，睾酮，双氢睾酮（DHT），并结合雌激素和雄激素在8只雄性绒猴暴露于孤立的婴儿气味20分钟后。睾酮水平显着影响的气味的相关性;睾酮水平显着低于暴露于自己的婴儿气味比一个新的婴儿气味。雌激素水平显着升高，以回应自己的婴儿气味。睾酮水平的显着差异并没有被视为相关婴儿的年龄因素，但雌激素的增加是显着的。这些结果表明，绒猴父亲的启动线索相关的婴儿和反应可能会持续超过婴儿的依赖期。 我们还发现，增加雌二醇显着刺激男性更注意婴儿的遇险信号在天真的男性。 没有做过父亲的男性对婴儿刺激的反应很小，而有经验的父亲对婴儿刺激的反应很大。 我们目前正在评估多巴胺，催产素，加压素和催乳素的垂体水平的变化，从完整的前，后垂体以及每个垂体单独培养的经验和天真的男性。 初步结果显示，经验丰富的父亲和天真的男性之间的催乳素和催产素水平有显着差异，但没有加压素。 有经验的父亲比没有经验的父亲有更高的催乳素和催产素。 该研究项目依赖于WNPRC分析服务，动物服务和临床病理学。 出版物： 齐格勒TE，彼得森LJ，索萨ME，巴纳德AM.普通绒猴（Callithrix jacchus）父亲对婴儿气味的不同内分泌反应荷尔蒙和行为。2010年12月9日[打印前电子版] PMID：21145893。PMC3040271。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Objective: To determine the factors underlying quality paternal care in male marmosets. With poor parenting or parental absence, there are a number of psychosocial disorders that confound human health. Marmosets are one of the few mammalian species whose social organization/family structure bears resemblance to that of humans. These studies are designed to determine the hormonal pathway for priming paternal care behaviors in biparental males who show extensive parental care. Olfactory cues can exert priming effects on many mammalian species. Paternally experienced marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, exposed to direct isolated olfactory contact with their own infant's scent show rapid decreases in testosterone levels within 20 minutes, whereas paternally inexperienced males do not. We tested whether there is a differential steroid response to exposure of infant scent from dependent infants (own and novel) and independent infants (own and novel). We examined the serum levels of estradiol, estrone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and combined estrogens and androgens in eight male marmosets 20 minutes after exposure to isolated infant scent. Testosterone levels were significantly influenced by the relatedness of the scent; testosterone levels were significantly lower with exposure to own infant scent than a novel infant scent. Estrogen levels elevated significantly in response to own infant scent. Significant differences in testosterone levels were not seen as a factor of age for the related infant but increased estrogens were significant. These results suggest that marmoset fathers are responsive to priming cues from related infants and that responsiveness may last beyond the period of infant dependence. We have also found that increased estradiol significantly stimulates males to be more attentive to infant distress signals in na¿ve males. Males who have not been fathers before show little responsiveness to infant stimuli while experienced fathers show significant response to infant stimuli. We are currently assessing the variation in pituitary levels of dopamine, oxytocin, vasopressin and prolactin from intact anterior and posterior pituitaries as well as each pituitary cultured separately for experienced and na¿ve males. Initial results are revealing significant differences between experienced fathers and na¿ve males in their levels of prolactin and oxytocin but not vasopressin. Experienced fathers have significantly higher prolactin and oxytocin than na¿ve fathers. This research project relies on WNPRC Assay Services, Animal Services, and Clinical Pathology. PUBLICATION: Ziegler TE, Peterson LJ, Sosa ME, Barnard AM. Differential endocrine responses to infant odors in common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) fathers. Hormones & Behavior . Dec 9 2010 [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21145893. PMC3040271.