Longitudinal study of exposure to PBDEs and PFCs and child neurobehavior

描述（由申请人提供）：多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和全氟烷基化学品（pfc，包括全氟辛烷磺酸[PFOS]和全氟辛酸[PFOA]）是几十年前引入的持久性有机化学品。多溴二苯醚和全氟化合物的动物研究和有限的人体研究已经发现了儿童发育性神经毒性的证据，包括甲状腺激素紊乱、多动、神经运动成熟延迟和认知受损。虽然这些化学物质正在逐步淘汰，但人类在未来几十年仍将在环境中接触到多溴二苯醚和全氟化合物，因为这些化合物被广泛用作消费品中的阻燃剂和表面活性剂。为了解决多溴二苯醚和全氟化合物对胎儿、婴儿和儿童神经行为发育的潜在不良健康风险，研究人员将系统地研究它们与1至8岁儿童甲状腺功能、认知、学习和记忆、运动技能、注意力和执行功能以及行为的关系。长期目标是量化多溴二苯醚和PFC暴露对儿童神经行为的作用，并为未来的预防工作提供信息。三个具体目的是：1)调查产前和产后多溴二苯醚和甲状腺激素暴露与儿童神经行为之间的关系；2)检查产前和产后PFCs和甲状腺激素暴露与儿童神经行为之间的关系；3)评估经胎盘和哺乳期途径以及儿童室内粉尘对多溴二苯醚的环境暴露。研究人员将在健康结果和环境测量（HOME）研究中测试这些关联，这是一项正在进行的niehs资助的398名妇女及其子女的纵向出生队列研究，目前随访5年。研究人员将扩大队列，包括8岁的随访临床访问，并进行全面的神经行为评估。研究人员将检查不同发育阶段（妊娠16周，3岁，5岁和8岁）的多溴二苯醚和PFC暴露情况，并使用储存的血清样本在1岁，2岁，3岁，4岁，5岁和8岁时测量儿童神经行为。这项纵向研究将使研究人员能够确定剂量反应、易感性窗口和相关性的持久性。我们还将研究来自室内灰尘的多溴二苯醚暴露对一组儿童的影响，这些儿童在1岁、2岁和3岁时采集了完整的母亲血清和儿童血清样本，并对口腔行为进行了广泛的测量。这项研究与美国国立卫生研究院调查普遍存在的环境毒物和儿童神经发育的任务密切相关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs, including perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS] and perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA]) are persistent organic chemicals that were introduced several decades ago. Animal studies and limited human studies of PBDEs and PFCs have found evidence for developmental neurotoxicity in children, including thyroid hormone disruption, hyperactivity, delay in neuromotor maturation, and impaired cognition. Although these chemicals are being phased out, humans will still be exposed to PBDEs and PFCs in the environment for decades because these compounds were widely used as flame retardants and surfactants in consumer products. To address the potential adverse health risks of PBDEs and PFCs on fetal, infant, and child neurobehavioral development, the investigators will systematically examine their associations with thyroid function, cognition, learning and memory, motor skills, attention and executive function, and behavior from age 1 to 8 years. The long-term goal is to quantify the roles of PBDE and PFC exposures on child neurobehavior and to inform future prevention efforts. The three specific aims are to: 1) investigate the associations between prenatal and postnatal exposures to PBDEs and thyroid hormones and child neurobehavior; 2) examine the associations between prenatal and postnatal exposures to PFCs and thyroid hormones and child neurobehavior; and 3) assess the environmental exposure to PBDEs through transplacental and lactational routes and indoor dust in children. The investigators will test these associations in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, an ongoing NIEHS-funded longitudinal birth cohort of 398 women and their children with current follow-up to 5 years. The investigators will extend the cohort to include an age 8 follow-up clinical visit with comprehensive neurobehavior assessments. The investigators will examine the PBDE and PFC exposures at different developmental stages (in utero at 16 weeks of gestation, ages 3, 5, and 8 years) and child neurobehavior measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 years using stored serum samples. This longitudinal study will allow the investigators to determine the dose response, windows of susceptibility, and persistence of the association. We will also examine the contribution of PBDE exposures from house dust in a subset of children who have complete sample collection of maternal serum and child serum at 1, 2, and 3 years, along with extensive measures of mouthing behaviors. This research is closely related to the NIH mission to investigate prevalent environmental toxicants and children's neurodevelopment.