ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project

 描述(由申请人提供)：青春期是神经发育的关键时期，与物质使用率的急剧增加有关。确定物质使用的途径及其对儿童和青少年发展的影响至关重要，因为正在进行的成熟期物质使用的影响可能会对大脑功能和行为、健康和心理结果产生长期影响。SRI国际的这项研究项目现场申请是为了响应作为ABCD-USA联盟(10/13)的一部分的RFA-DA-15-015，以前瞻性地确定儿童和青少年使用药物的神经发育和行为预测因素和后果。将招募550名9-10岁儿童的具有代表性的社区样本，以丰富其高危特征，并将从ABCD-USA联盟的11个中心收集11,111名样本。所有参与者将每两年接受一次全面的基线评估，包括最先进的脑成像、全面的神经心理测试、生物测试、移动监测和对物质使用、环境、精神病理症状和社会功能的仔细评估。临时年度访谈和基于网络的季度评估将以最小的参与者负担提供行为、发展和生活事件的精细化时间解决方案。在本项目过程中获得的这些联盟范围的数据将阐明：1)物质使用模式对青少年大脑的影响；2物质使用对行为和健康结果的影响；3)精神病理学和物质使用模式之间的双向关系；4)个体遗传、行为、神经生物学和环境差异对风险概况和物质使用结果的影响；以及5)不同物质使用之间的“门户相互作用”。我们的项目重点关注整个联盟收集的睡眠和时间生物学数据，包括问卷调查和使用可穿戴手腕跟踪器进行的定期评估。我们的目的是评估睡眠行为和时型作为随后物质使用的预测因子，并调查当前物质使用对青少年睡眠特征的影响。我们还将进行探索性分析，以确定大麻使用对睡眠的影响，评估睡眠与时间生物学变量、物质使用和抑郁症发展的关系，并调查遗传和环境因素对双胞胎睡眠特征、时型和物质使用之间的关联。结合对主观和客观睡眠和时型的仔细评估，对药物使用模式的详细评估和敏感的临床措施，将为科学界提供独特的资源，并有助于指导适合年龄的行为干预。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a critical neurodevelopmental period associated with dramatic increases in rates of substance use. Identifying the pathways to substance use and its effects on child and adolescent development is critically important, as the effects of substance use during ongoing maturation likely have long-lasting effects on brain functioning and behavioral, health, and psychological outcomes. This Research Project Site application from SRI International is in response to RFA-DA-15-015 as part of the ABCD-USA Consortium (10/13), to prospectively determine the neurodevelopmental and behavioral predictors and consequences of substance use on children and adolescents. A representative community sample of 550 9-10 year olds enriched for high- risk characteristics will be recruited, contributing to the sample of 11,111 to be collected from 11 hubs across the ABCD-USA Consortium. All participants will undergo a comprehensive baseline assessment, including state-of-the-art brain imaging, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, bioassays, mobile monitoring and careful assessment of substance use, environment, psychopathological symptoms, and social functioning every 2 years. Interim annual interviews and quarterly web-based assessments will provide refined temporal resolution of behaviors, development, and life events with minimal participant burden. These Consortium-wide data obtained during the course of this project will elucidate: 1) the effects of substance use patterns on the adolescent brain; 2 the effects of substance use on behavioral and health outcomes; 3) the bidirectional relationship between psychopathology and substance use patterns; 4) the effects of individual genetic, behavioral, neurobiological, and environmental differences on risk profiles and substance use outcomes; and 5) the "gateway interactions" between use of different substances. Our project focuses on the sleep and chronobiology data collected across the consortium, both with questionnaires and periodic assessment with wearable wrist trackers. Our aims are to assess sleep behavior and chronotype as predictors of subsequent substance use, and to investigate the effects of current substance use on sleep characteristics in adolescents. We will also conduct exploratory analyses to determine the effect of marijuana usage on sleep, to evaluate relationships between sleep and chronobiology variables, substance use and development of depression; and to investigate genetic and environmental contributions to associations between sleep characteristics, chronotype and substance use in twins. The combination of careful assessment of subjective and objective sleep and chronotype, detailed evaluation of substance use patterns and sensitive clinical measures will provide a unique resource for the scientific community, and help guide age-appropriate behavioral interventions.