Hangover, Congeners, Sleep and Occupational Performance

描述（由申请人提供）：本竞争性继续申请跟进了我们关于大量饮酒对第二天职业表现的残留影响的研究。这些影响可能是一个重要的，但相对未开发的，在工作场所的伤害和错误的来源。包括我们自己在内的几项研究表明，即使血液酒精浓度（BAGs）为零或接近零，职业损害也可能在大量饮酒后的早晨发生。这些影响已被证明为驾驶，模拟飞机驾驶，和工业任务的性能。我们的研究建议通过解决几个问题来增加对大量饮酒的残余影响的理解。我们将提供有关这些影响的进一步文件。我们将测试几个假设的机制，大量饮酒影响第二天的表现。使用安慰剂对照随机试验，我们将在参与者在职业训练模拟器上进行锻炼的前一天晚上给他们服用安慰剂或高或低同类酒精饮料（达到0.10 g% BAC的水平）。我们将监测参与者的睡眠以评估睡眠障碍;收集给药后第二天早上宿醉症状的信息;并收集参与者饮酒问题家族史的数据。我们将检验以下假设：（1）相对于安慰剂，大量饮酒会降低第二天的职业表现，这种关系将全部或部分由睡眠质量介导;（2）高同源酒精饮料比低同源饮料对表现的影响更大，这种关系将由宿醉症状的严重程度介导;（3）与家族史阴性的受试者相比，家族史阳性的受试者酗酒对第二天职业表现的残留影响会减弱。我们的职业模式将是由海事学院学员驾驶商船。将使用基于计算机的交互式船舶训练模拟器来衡量性能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This competing continuation application follows up on our studies of the residual effects of heavy drinking on next-day occupational performance. These effects may represent an important, but relatively unexplored, source of injury and error in the workplace. Several studies, including our own, have indicated that even when blood alcohol concentration (BAGs) is at or near zero, occupational impairment can occur the morning after heavy drinking. These effects have been shown for driving, simulated aircraft piloting, and performance of industrial tasks. Our study proposes to increase understanding of residual effects of heavy drinking by addressing several questions. We will provide further documentation regarding these effects. We will test several hypotheses regarding the mechanism by which heavy drinking affects next-day performance. Using a placebo-controlled randomized trial, we will dose participants with placebo or with a high or low congener alcoholic beverage (to a level of 0.10 g% BAC) the night before they perform exercises on an occupational training simulator. We will monitor participants' sleep to assess sleep disturbance; collect information on hangover symptoms the morning after dosing; and collect data on participants' family history of drinking problems. We will test the following hypotheses: (1) relative to placebo, heavy drinking will degrade next-day occupational performance, and this relationship will be mediated in full or in part by quality of sleep; (2) a high congener alcoholic beverage will affect performance to a greater degree than a low congener beverage and this relationship will be mediated by severity of hangover symptoms; and (3) the residual effects of heavy drinking on next-day occupational performance will be attenuated among participants positive for a family history of alcohol problems, relative to family-history-negative participants. Our occupational model will be merchant ship navigation by maritime academy cadets. Performance will be measured using computer-based interactive ship training simulators.