Migration For Work, Mental Health And AIDS In Mali

这一纵向项目与马里邦贾加拉的区域医疗保健中心合作，调查了多贡人（主要是农民）、富拉尼人（主要是牧民）和博佐人（主要是渔民）族裔群体的工作移徙和其他社会环境因素如何影响心理功能、身心健康以及与艾滋病有关的态度和行为的性质。它涉及到一个有代表性的1002马里农村抽样采访。三管齐下的议定书反映了两个单位共同和各自的关切。其中一个方面是测试SSES在工业发达社会的调查结果在马里农村的普遍性，即做自我指导和实质上复杂的工作会导致更多的自我指导和自主方向，以及更有效的智力运作。第二个方面是审查紧张的职业条件对心理健康的影响，包括为工作而移徙。第三个方面是审查a）为工作而移徙和B）文化和社会环境因素对艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为的影响。第一波数据收集于1996/1997年进行，第二波于2003/2004年进行。 今年，利用两波浪潮的数据，我们开发了一系列关键概念的结构方程测量模型（例如，工作的实质性复杂性、威权主义、自尊、焦虑/抑郁），这些因素与我们利用工业化国家类似调查的平行数据得出的结果相似。令我们惊讶的是，几乎每一个心理变量在六年时间间隔内的加班相关性都明显低于在任何其他文化背景下发现的相关性。为了确保这些低相关性不是由于我们的错误或统计伪影造成的，我们经历了一个艰难的过程：1）完全重新检查数据输入，2）广泛重新估计代表每个心理变量的模型。当我们这样做时，我们没有发现任何对我们最初发现的有效性产生怀疑的东西。在我们所研究的人群中，这些重要的心理变量的统计稳定性非常低，这是真实的，而不是人为的。我们目前正在检验一个假设，即我们人口中这种真实的心理变化是急剧的社会变革的结果。

In collaboration with the Centre Regional de Medecine Traditionnelle in Bandiagara Mali, this longitudinal project investigates how migration for work and other socio-environmental factors affect psychological functioning, mental and physical health as well as the nature of AIDS-related attitudes and behaviors, in the Dogon (primarily farmers), Fulani (primarily herders) and Bozo (primarily fishermen) ethnic groups. It involves an interview of a representative sample of 1002 rural Malians. The three-pronged protocol reflects the two units' joint and individual concerns. One prong is the test of the generalizability to rural Mali of the SSES findings in industrially developed societies that doing self-directed and substantively complex work leads to more self-directed and autonomous orientations and more effective intellectual functioning. The second prong is an examination of the consequences for mental health of stressful occupational conditions, including migration for work. The third prong is the examination of the effects of a) migration for work and b) cultural and socioenvironmental factors on AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The first wave of data collection was conducted in 1996/1997, the second wave in 2003/2004. This year, using the data from both waves, we developed a series of structural equation measurement models of key concepts (e.g., substantive complexity of work, authoritarianism, self-esteem, anxiety/depression) that parallel those we have developed using parallel data from similar surveys in industrialized countries. To our surprise, the overtime correlation over the six year interval of almost every one of the psychological variables was notably much lower than had been found in any other cultural setting. In order to ensure that these low over-time correlations were not a result of some mistake of ours or statistical artifact, we went through the laborious processes of: 1) fully rechecking the data entry, 2) extensively reestimating models representing each of the psychological variables involved. When we did so, we found nothing that cast doubt on the validity of our initial findings. The very low level of statistical stability of these important psychological variables in the population we are studying is real and not artifactual. We are presently testing the hypothesis that this real psychological changeability in our populations is the result of dramatic societal change.