Production of carbon aerogels from BioChoice lignin

材料碳气凝胶。我们的目的是研究将BioChoiceTM木质素转化为气凝胶的可行性 以及它们的碳衍生物。为了获得木质素基湿凝胶，将使用苯酚和甲醛 以在NaOH作为催化剂的存在下诱导缩合/凝胶化反应。为了实现这一目标，苯酚 和甲醛以确定的级分将被添加到BioChoiceTM木质素溶液中， 将最终混合物转移到模具中，密封并在85ºC下热处理3-5 天将所得凝胶用乙醇或丙酮进行溶剂交换3-5天以除去水性凝胶。 相位将采用超临界CO2干燥或环境压力干燥来除去在溶剂中的溶剂。 湿凝胶。所得气凝胶的碳化（热解）将在惰性气体气氛下进行 在管式炉中，在700ºC以上的温度下，碳的结构和形态 气凝胶将通过高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行评估。 显微镜（TEM）。傅立叶透射红外和拉曼光谱将用于阐明 凝胶诱导的BioChoiceTM木质素的化学功能性和 分别得到碳气凝胶。比表面积，总孔体积;孔径分布将是 使用氮气吸附实验分析。此外，BioChoiceTM木质素基碳气凝胶将在 测试了一个特定的最终用途应用，作为超级电容器电极。电化学能量储存 将测试生产的电极的能力，并将其性能与现有的化石进行比较 类似产品的燃料。

material, carbon aerogel. We aim to investigate the feasibility of converting BioChoiceTM lignin to aerogels and to their carbon derivatives. In order to obtain lignin-based wet gels, phenol and formaldehyde will be used to induce the condensation/gelation reactions in the presence of NaOH as the catalyst. To achieve that, phenol and formaldehyde at determined fractions will be added to BioChoiceTM lignin solution prepared under alkaline conditions and the final mixtures will be transferred to molds, sealed and heat-treated at 85ºC for 3-5 days. Resulting gels will be solvent exchanged with ethanol or acetone for 3-5 days to remove the aqueous phase. Supercritical CO2 drying or ambient-pressure drying will be employed to remove the solvents within the wet gels. Carbonization (pyrolysis) of the resulting aerogels will be performed under inert gas atmosphere (nitrogen) in a tube furnace at temperatures above 700ºC. The structural texture and morphology of carbon aerogels will be evaluated by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier-transmission infrared and Raman spectroscopy will be used to elucidate the gelation-induced changes in the chemical functionalities of BioChoiceTM lignin and graphitic structure of resulting carbon aerogels, respectively. Specific surface area, total pore volume; pore size distribution will be analyzed using nitrogen adsorption experiments. In addition, BioChoiceTM lignin-based carbon aerogel will be tested for one specific end-use application, as a supercapacitor electrode. The electrochemical energy storage capability of a produced electrode will be tested and its performance will be compared with an existing fossil fuel based similar product.