3D quantum biosensor for multiple cancer screening and early diagnosis

血浆因其非侵袭性一直被认为是筛查多种癌症类型的理想方法。然而，由于肿瘤相关分子的浓度较低，血液检测的诊断准确率很低。用于癌症筛查的商业血液检测试剂盒很少，而且准确性远远不能令人满意。申请者发明了一种量子点传感器增强的拉曼生物分子分析工具，该工具足够灵敏，可以直接从血浆中探测多个生物标志物，重复性高。只需一次血液测试，就可以通过计算机诊断报告完整的癌症概况，包括癌症的存在、肿瘤的主要位置、转移的量化和进展。初步实验已根据不同的生物标志物类型对肿瘤类型进行分类，其敏感性为83%~100%，特异性为80%~100%。预测肿瘤进展至淋巴结的特异度为92%。我们相信，通过将多个生物标志物整合到诊断算法中，可以将诊断准确率提高到接近100%。本项目旨在将量子点传感器增强的拉曼分析仪开发成一种可行的癌症筛查/早期诊断的临床工具。该项目的成果是一种基于量子生物传感器的基于显微镜的血液测试，使用方便，成本效益高，适用于多种癌症类型。建议的血液测试可以在撤血后一小时内报告完整的肿瘤轮廓。该策略具有精确度高、成本低、周转时间短、操作简单、适用于多种癌症类型等特点，在临床环境中易于实施。可用于筛查和早期诊断，也可为临床干预提供指导。这项突破性的技术可能会导致一种适用于一半癌症病例的普遍癌症诊断测试，提高癌症筛查参与率，并为目前无法筛查的癌症类型提供一种筛查方法。

Blood plasma has long been considered an ideal approach for screening multiple cancer types for its noninvasive nature. However, blood-based tests suffer poor diagnostic accuracy due to the low concentration of tumor-associated molecules. There are few commercially available blood-test kits for cancer screening, and the accuracy is far from satisfactory. The applicants invented a quantum-dots sensor enhanced Raman biomolecular analysis tool, sensitive enough to probe multiple biomarkers directly from blood plasma with high repeatability. With a single blood test, a complete profile of cancer, including the presence of cancer, the primary location of the tumor, quantification of metastasis, and progression, can be reported with a computerized diagnosis. Preliminary experiments have classified cancer types with a sensitivity of 83% ~100% and specificity of 80% ~ 100%, dependent on the type of biomarker. Cancer progression to nodes was predicted with a specificity of 92%. We believe that diagnostic accuracy can be raised close to 100% by integrating multiple biomarkers into the diagnosis algorithm. This project aims to develop the quantum-dots sensor enhanced Raman analyzer into a viable clinical tool for cancer screening/early diagnosis. The outcome of this project is a quantum biosensor aided microscopy-based blood test that is easy to use, cost-effective and is applicable towards multiple cancer types.The proposed blood test can report a complete tumor profile within an hour after blood withdrawal. With high accuracy, low cost, short turnaround, easy operation, and applicability to multiple cancer types, this strategy will be readily implemented in the clinical setting. It can be used for screening/early diagnosis as well as to provide guidance for clinical intervention. This ground-breaking technology potentially will lead to a universal cancer diagnosis test that applies to half of all cancer cases, increase cancer screening participation rate, and provide a screening method for cancer types that currently cannot be screened.