Approaches to Communication in Games

游戏中的沟通方法

• 批准号: 9223091
• 负责人: Joel Sobel
• 金额: $ 16.67万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-01 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9223091&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Approaches; Communication; Games

This research consists of four projects related to effective transmission of information between agents. One study will investigate evolutionarily stable outcomes in cheap-talk games. Communication about private information cannot be ignored in an evolutionary framework. It forces players to obtain efficient payoffs when no conflicts of interest exist. The goal is to study whether evolutionary forces favor the informed party, whether messages are used efficiently when talk is cheap but not free, and whether nontrivial communication must occur when players' interests partially coincide. The project will also characterize how much must be communicated when agents have different interests. A related study will investigate games of communication that change over time in order to discover whether words will take on meanings that apply in more than one context and whether agents will use words honestly in complicated settings even if it is against their short-term strategic interests. The third project will provide a general framework for studying deviation-based equilibrium refinements and dynamic behavior in games. This topic has strong connections with communication, although it is not directly related to communication. This study will better our understanding of results in situations where evolutionarily stable sets of strategies fail to exist. The fourth project will study a specific model of communication in order to describe conditions under which it is optimal to delegate decision-making authority to an informed expert (the doctor in a doctor-patient relationship). In the model the patient may be unable to acquire perfect information either because he is boundedly rational or because it is not in the best interests of the doctor to communicate completely. It may be inappropriate for the patient to give complete decision-making authority to the doctor either because the doctor's preference is different from the patient's or because the doctor does not know the patient's preference. Preliminary study suggests that full communication may be impossible whenever the doctor and the patient have different preferences.

本研究由四个项目组成，涉及主体之间的信息有效传递。其中一项研究将调查低谈阔论游戏中进化稳定的结果。在一个演进的框架中，关于私人信息的交流不能被忽视。它迫使玩家在不存在利益冲突的情况下获得有效的回报。我们的目标是研究进化力量是否有利于知情的一方，当谈话费用低廉但不是免费时，信息是否得到有效利用，以及当参与者的兴趣部分一致时，是否必须进行重要的交流。该项目还将描述当代理人有不同的兴趣时必须沟通多少。一项相关的研究将调查随时间变化的沟通游戏，以发现词语是否会具有在多个语境中适用的含义，以及代理人是否会在复杂的环境中诚实地使用词语，即使这违反了他们的短期战略利益。第三个项目将为研究基于偏差的均衡求精和游戏中的动态行为提供一个一般框架。这个话题与沟通有很强的联系，尽管它与沟通没有直接关系。这项研究将更好地理解在进化上稳定的策略集不存在的情况下的结果。第四个项目将研究一种具体的沟通模式，以便描述在何种条件下将决策权授权给知情专家(医患关系中的医生)是最佳的。在该模型中，患者可能无法获得完美的信息，要么是因为他是有限理性的，要么是因为完全沟通不符合医生的最佳利益。患者可能因为医生的偏好与患者的偏好不同，或者因为医生不知道患者的偏好，而将完全的决策权授予医生，这可能是不合适的。初步研究表明，当医生和患者有不同的偏好时，完全沟通可能是不可能的。