3D Integration of Nonvolatile Nanomagnetic Logic

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Magnetic field-coupling is an emerging, new paradigm of nanoscale computing, where information is propagated and processed by the magnetic interaction of single-domain magnetic particles. The feasibility of this concept has been recently demonstrated experimentally by a magnetic majority gate, which was lithographically fabricated from Permalloy dots. We have shown theoretically that magnetic field-coupled circuits can achieve fast and densely integrated computing which dissipates only few kT power per switching.Our goal is the design and experimental demonstration of field coupled circuits, which are based on ion-beam patterned magnetic multilayers. Such multilayers exhibit strong out-ofplane anisotropy, which is very desirable from the architectural point of view, and the magnetic properties of the layers / dots can be fine-tuned and improved by ion irradiation. Magnetic characteristics of the dots are well-controlled, which makes the realization of complex field-coupled structures feasible.We are going to realize not only a stand-alone device, but a small, albeit complete magnetic computing system. We put special focus on the design and fabrication of electrical inputs / outputs and an integrated clocking system. Submicron-scale electrical wires, buried under the magnetic layers will provide clocking fields for synchronized switching of magnets.Our research could result in a new family of magnetoelectronic devices with far-reaching application potential in low-power computing. The fabrication of magnetic computing components is compatible with silicon technologies and they can enhance the functionality of microelectronic devices.